1887
  1. Home
  2. Eurosurveillance
  3. Volume 22, Issue 45, 09/Nov/2017
  4. Article
Surveillance and outbreak report Open Access
Like 0
This item has no PDF Download

Abstract

Enteroviruses (EVs) cause severe outbreaks of respiratory and neurological disease as illustrated by EV-D68 and EV-A71 outbreaks, respectively. We have mapped European laboratory capacity for identification and characterisation of non-polio EVs to improve preparedness to respond to (re)-emerging EVs linked to severe disease. An online questionnaire on non-polio EV surveillance and laboratory detection was submitted to all 30 European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA) countries. Twenty-nine countries responded; 26 conducted laboratory-based non-polio EV surveillance, and 24 included neurological infections in their surveillance. Eleven countries have established specific surveillance for EV-D68 via sentinel influenza surveillance (n = 7), typing EV-positive respiratory samples (n = 10) and/or acute flaccid paralysis surveillance (n = 5). Of 26 countries performing non-polio EV characterisation/typing, 10 further characterised culture-positive EV isolates, whereas the remainder typed PCR-positive but culture-negative samples. Although 19 countries have introduced sequence-based EV typing, seven still rely entirely on virus isolation. Based on 2015 data, six countries typed over 300 specimens mostly by sequencing, whereas 11 countries characterised under 50 EV-positive samples. EV surveillance activity varied between EU/EEA countries, and did not always specifically target patients with neurological and/or respiratory infections. Introduction of sequence-based typing methods is needed throughout the EU/EEA to enhance laboratory capacity for the detection of EVs.

© Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.45.16-00807
2017-11-09
2024-04-27
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.45.16-00807
Loading
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/eurosurveillance/22/45/eurosurv-22-45-2.html?itemId=/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.45.16-00807&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. The Pirbright Institute. The Picornavirus Pages. Surrey: The Pirbright Institute; 7 Jun 2016. [Accessed 20 Jun 2016]. Available from: http://www.picornaviridae.com
  2. Hyypiä T, Hovi T, Knowles NJ, Stanway G. Classification of enteroviruses based on molecular and biological properties. J Gen Virol. 1997;78(Pt 1):1-11.  https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-78-1-1  PMID: 9010279 
  3. Knowles NJ, Hovi T, Hyypiä T, King AMQ, Lindberg AM, Pallansch MA, et al. Picornaviridae. In: King AMQ, Adams MJ, Carstens EB, Lefkowitz EJ, editors. Virus Taxonomy: Classification and Nomenclature of Viruses, Ninth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. San Diego: Elsevier; 2012 p. 855-880.
  4. Minor P, Brown F, Domingo E, Hoey E, King A, Knowles N, et al. Picornaviridae. In: Murphy FA, Fauquet CM, Bishop DHL, Ghabrial SA, Jarvis A, Martelli GP, et al., editors. Virus Taxonomy: Classification and Nomenclature of Viruses, Sixth report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Vienna: Springer-Verlag; 1995. p. 329-336.
  5. Grist NR, Bell EJ, Assaad F. Enteroviruses in human disease. Prog Med Virol. 1978;24:114-57. PMID: 360295 
  6. Solomon T, Lewthwaite P, Perera D, Cardosa MJ, McMinn P, Ooi MH. Virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, and control of enterovirus 71. Lancet Infect Dis. 2010;10(11):778-90.  https://doi.org/\\  PMID: 20961813 
  7. Fischer TK, Nielsen AY, Sydenham TV, Andersen PH, Andersen B, Midgley SE. Emergence of enterovirus 71 C4a in Denmark, 2009 to 2013. Euro Surveill. 2014;19(38):20911.  https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES2014.19.38.20911  PMID: 25306878 
  8. Harvala H, Calvert J, Van Nguyen D, Clasper L, Gadsby N, Molyneaux P, et al. Comparison of diagnostic clinical samples and environmental sampling for enterovirus and parechovirus surveillance in Scotland, 2010 to 2012. Euro Surveill. 2014;19(15):20772.  https://doi.org/\\  PMID: 24762664 
  9. Chumakov M, Voroshilova M, Shindarov L, Lavrova I, Gracheva L, Koroleva G, et al. Enterovirus 71 isolated from cases of epidemic poliomyelitis-like disease in Bulgaria. Arch Virol. 1979;60(3-4):329-40.  https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01317504  PMID: 228639 
  10. Schuffenecker I, Henquell C, Mirand A, Coste-Burel M, Marque-Juillet S, Desbois D, et al. New introductions of enterovirus 71 subgenogroup C4 strains, France, 2012. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014;20(8):1343-6.  https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2008.131858  PMID: 25061698 
  11. Akhmadishina LV, Govorukhina MV, Kovalev EV, Nenadskaya SA, Ivanova OE, Lukashev AN. Enterovirus A71 Meningoencephalitis Outbreak, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, 2013. Emerg Infect Dis. 2015;21(8):1440-3.  https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2108.141084  PMID: 26196217 
  12. Hassel C, Mirand A, Lukashev A, TerletskaiaLadwig E, Farkas A, Schuffenecker I, et al. Transmission patterns of human enterovirus 71 to, from and among European countries, 2003 to 2013. Euro Surveill. 2015;20(34):30005.  https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2015.20.34.30005  PMID: 26530407 
  13. McWilliam Leitch EC, Cabrerizo M, Cardosa J, Harvala H, Ivanova OE, Koike S, et al. The association of recombination events in the founding and emergence of subgenogroup evolutionary lineages of human enterovirus 71. J Virol. 2012;86(5):2676-85.  https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.06065-11  PMID: 22205739 
  14. Lee BE, Davies HD. Aseptic meningitis. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2007;20(3):272-7.  https://doi.org/10.1097/QCO.0b013e3280ad4672  PMID: 17471037 
  15. de Ory F, Avellón A, Echevarría JE, Sánchez-Seco MP, Trallero G, Cabrerizo M, et al. Viral infections of the central nervous system in Spain: a prospective study. J Med Virol. 2013;85(3):554-62.  https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.23470  PMID: 23239485 
  16. Cabrerizo M, Trallero G, Echevarría JE, Moreno-Docón A, Pena MJ, Pérez-Ruiz M, et al. Molecular characterization of enteroviruses associated with neurological infections in Spain, 2008. J Med Virol. 2013;85(11):1975-7.  https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.23693  PMID: 23893817 
  17. Midgley CM, Jackson MA, Selvarangan R, Turabelidze G, Obringer E, Johnson D, et al. Severe respiratory illness associated with enterovirus D68 - Missouri and Illinois, 2014. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2014;63(36):798-9. PMID: 25211545 
  18. Greninger AL, Naccache SN, Messacar K, Clayton A, Yu G, Somasekar S, et al. A novel outbreak enterovirus D68 strain associated with acute flaccid myelitis cases in the USA (2012-14): a retrospective cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2015;15(6):671-82.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(15)70093-9  PMID: 25837569 
  19. Messacar K, Schreiner TL, Maloney JA, Wallace A, Ludke J, Oberste MS, et al. A cluster of acute flaccid paralysis and cranial nerve dysfunction temporally associated with an outbreak of enterovirus D68 in children in Colorado, USA. Lancet. 2015;385(9978):1662-71.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)62457-0  PMID: 25638662 
  20. Poelman R, Schuffenecker I, Van Leer-Buter C, Josset L, Niesters HG, Lina B, ESCV-ECDC EV-D68 study group. European surveillance for enterovirus D68 during the emerging North-American outbreak in 2014. J Clin Virol. 2015;71:1-9.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2015.07.296  PMID: 26364237 
  21. Jaramillo-Gutierrez G, Benschop KS, Claas EC, de Jong AS, van Loon AM, Pas SD, et al. September through October 2010 multi-centre study in the Netherlands examining laboratory ability to detect enterovirus 68, an emerging respiratory pathogen. J Virol Methods. 2013;190(1-2):53-62.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.02.010  PMID: 23458694 
  22. Böttcher S, Prifert C, Weißbrich B, Adams O, Aldabbagh S, Eis-Hübinger AM, et al. Detection of enterovirus D68 in patients hospitalised in three tertiary university hospitals in Germany, 2013 to 2014. Euro Surveill. 2016;21(19):30227.  https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.19.30227  PMID: 27195917 
  23. Rotbart HA, Romero JR. Laboratory Diagnosis of Enteroviral Infections. In: Robart H, editor. Human Enteroviurs Infections. Washington, DC: ASM Press; 1995. p.401-418.
  24. Kadambari S, Bukasa A, Okike IO, Pebody R, Brown D, Gallimore C, et al. Enterovirus infections in England and Wales, 2000-2011: the impact of increased molecular diagnostics. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2014;20(12):1289-96.  https://doi.org/10.1111/1469-0691.12753  PMID: 25039903 
  25. Romero JR. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction detection of the enteroviruses. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1999;123(12):1161-9. PMID: 10583920 
  26. World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Europe. Enterovirus surveillance guidelines: Guidelines for enterovirus surveillance in support of the Polio Eradication Initiate. Copenhagen: WHO; 2015. Available from: http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0020/272810/EnterovirusSurveillanceGuidelines.pdf
  27. McLeish NJ, Witteveldt J, Clasper L, McIntyre C, McWilliam Leitch EC, Hardie A, et al. Development and assay of RNA transcripts of enterovirus species A to D, rhinovirus species a to C, and human parechovirus: assessment of assay sensitivity and specificity of real-time screening and typing methods. J Clin Microbiol. 2012;50(9):2910-7.  https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01172-12  PMID: 22740708 
  28. Piralla A, Daleno C, Scala A, Greenberg D, Usonis V, Principi N, et al. Genome characterisation of enteroviruses 117 and 118: a new group within human enterovirus species C. PLoS One. 2013;8(4):e60641.  https://doi.org/\\  PMID: 23565264 
  29. Lewandowska DW, Zagordi O, Zbinden A, Schuurmans MM, Schreiber P, Geissberger FD, et al. Unbiased metagenomic sequencing complements specific routine diagnostic methods and increases chances to detect rare viral strains. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2015;83(2):133-8.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2015.06.017  PMID: 26231254 
  30. Oberste MS, Maher K, Kilpatrick DR, Pallansch MA. Molecular evolution of the human enteroviruses: correlation of serotype with VP1 sequence and application to picornavirus classification. J Virol. 1999;73(3):1941-8. PMID: 9971773 
  31. Simmonds P. SSE: a nucleotide and amino acid sequence analysis platform. BMC Res Notes. 2012;5(1):50.  https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-5-50  PMID: 22264264 
  32. Kadambari S, Okike I, Ribeiro S, Ramsay ME, Heath PT, Sharland M, et al. Seven-fold increase in viral meningo-encephalitis reports in England and Wales during 2004-2013. J Infect. 2014;69(4):326-32.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2014.05.012  PMID: 24887614 
  33. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Facts about influenza surveillance. Stockholm: ECDC. [Accessed 23 Jun 2016]. Available from: https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/seasonal-influenza/surveillance-and-disease-data/facts-sentinel-surveillance
  34. Skowronski DM, Chambers C, Sabaiduc S, Murti M, Gustafson R, Pollock S, et al. Systematic community- and hospital-based surveillance for enterovirus-D68 in three Canadian provinces, August to December 2014. Euro Surveill. 2015;20(43):30047.  https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2015.20.43.30047  PMID: 26804195 
  35. Meijer A, Benschop KS, Donker GA, van der Avoort HG. Continued seasonal circulation of enterovirus D68 in the Netherlands, 2011-2014. Euro Surveill. 2014;19(42):20935.  https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES2014.19.42.20935  PMID: 25358039 
  36. Reiche J, Böttcher S, Diedrich S, Buchholz U, Buda S, Haas W, et al. Low-level Circulation of Enterovirus D68-Associated Acute Respiratory Infections, Germany, 2014. Emerg Infect Dis. 2015;21(5):837-41.  https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2105.141900  PMID: 25898320 
  37. Pfeiffer HC, Bragstad K, Skram MK, Dahl H, Knudsen PK, Chawla MS, et al. Two cases of acute severe flaccid myelitis associated with enterovirus D68 infection in children, Norway, autumn 2014. Euro Surveill. 2015;20(10):21062.  https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES2015.20.10.21062  PMID: 25788251 
  38. Lang M, Mirand A, Savy N, Henquell C, Maridet S, Perignon R, et al. Acute flaccid paralysis following enterovirus D68 associated pneumonia, France, 2014. Euro Surveill. 2014;19(44):20952.  https://doi.org/\\  PMID: 25394254 
  39. Williams CJ, Thomas RH, Pickersgill TP, Lyons M, Lowe G, Stiff RE, et al. Cluster of atypical adult Guillain-Barré syndrome temporally associated with neurological illness due to EV-D68 in children, South Wales, United Kingdom, October 2015 to January 2016. Euro Surveill. 2016;21(4):30119.  https://doi.org/\\  PMID: 26848143 
  40. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Outbreak of enterovirus A71 with severe neurological symptoms among children in Catalonia, Spain. Stockholm: ECDC; 14 Jun 2016. Available from: https://ecdc.europa.eu/sites/portal/files/media/en/publications/Publications/07-06-2016-RRA-Enterovirus%2071-Spain.pdf
  41. Ooi MH, Wong SC, Lewthwaite P, Cardosa MJ, Solomon T. Clinical features, diagnosis, and management of enterovirus 71. Lancet Neurol. 2010;9(11):1097-105.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70209-X  PMID: 20965438 
  42. Nix WA, Oberste MS, Pallansch MA. Sensitive, seminested PCR amplification of VP1 sequences for direct identification of all enterovirus serotypes from original clinical specimens. J Clin Microbiol. 2006;44(8):2698-704.  https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00542-06  PMID: 16891480 
  43. Benschop K, Minnaar R, Koen G, van Eijk H, Dijkman K, Westerhuis B, et al. Detection of human enterovirus and human parechovirus (HPeV) genotypes from clinical stool samples: polymerase chain reaction and direct molecular typing, culture characteristics, and serotyping. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2010;68(2):166-73.  https://doi.org/\\  PMID: 20846590 
  44. Leitch EC, Harvala H, Robertson I, Ubillos I, Templeton K, Simmonds P. Direct identification of human enterovirus serotypes in cerebrospinal fluid by amplification and sequencing of the VP1 region. J Clin Virol. 2009;44(2):119-24.  https://doi.org/\\  PMID: 19135410 
  45. World Health Organization (WHO). Polio laboratory manual. Geneva: WHO; 2004. Available from: http://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/68762
  46. Zaidi SS, Asghar H, Sharif S, Alam MM. Poliovirus Laboratory Based Surveillance: An Overview. Methods Mol Biol. 2016;1387:11-8.  https://doi.org/\\  PMID: 26983728 
  47. World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Europe. Meeting of Regional and Global Specialized Polio Reference Laboratories of the WHO European Polio Laboratory Network (2015). Copenhagen: WHO; 11-12 Mar 2015. [Accessed 23 Jun 2016]. Available from: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/172717/1/Polio-Laboratory-Network-Meeting.pdf
Surveillance and laboratory detection for non-polio enteroviruses in the European Union/European Economic Area, 2016
<p class="citation"> <span>Citation style for this article:</span> <span class="meta-value authors"> <a href="/search?value1=Heli+Harvala&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Harvala Heli</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Aftab+Jasir&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Jasir Aftab</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Pasi+Penttinen&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Penttinen Pasi</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Lucia++Pastore+Celentano&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Pastore Celentano Lucia </a>, <a href="/search?value1=Donato+Greco&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Greco Donato</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Eeva+Broberg&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Broberg Eeva</a></span>. Surveillance and laboratory detection for non-polio enteroviruses in the European Union/European Economic Area, 2016. <a href="/content/ecdc">Euro Surveill.</a> 2017;22(45):pii=16-00807. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.45.16-00807" title="doi link" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.45.16-00807</a> <span class="ES_Article_citation"> <span class="generated">Received</span>: 16 Dec 2016;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="generated">Accepted</span>: 09 Mar 2017 </span> </p>
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.45.16-00807
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.45.16-00807
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Submit comment
Close
Comment moderation successfully completed
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error