1887
  1. Home
  2. Eurosurveillance
  3. Volume 23, Issue 6, 08/Feb/2018
  4. Article
Research article Open Access
Like 0
Download

Abstract

Context and Aim

One of the most common sexually transmitted pathogens disproportionately affecting young people is (CT). This study aimed to assess prevalence of CT among sexually active students (aged 18–19 years) in their final years of high school education in Warsaw and Krakow. The sample was selected from 61 clusters, each cluster representing one school. We described city, sex, type of school and their association with CT prevalence. To account for non-responders we applied inverse probability weighting. Our study population consisted of 3,136 young adults eligible for CT screening, of whom 2,326 reported having had sexual intercourse within past 12 months. Of the 950 students who agreed to be tested, 39 were infected with CT. Weighted prevalence of CT was 3.9% (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.7–5.1); however, prevalence in the students in Warsaw (6.6%; 95% CI: 3.5–12.4) was six times higher (prevalence ratio (PR) = 5.9; 95% CI: 2.0–17.3) than in Krakow (1.1%; 95% CI: 0.5–2.6). In both settings, female students attending vocational-technical schools were most affected; the prevalence in this group was more than five times higher (PR = 5.2; 95% CI: 1.7–15.6) compared with female peers in high schools and more than three times higher (PR = 3.3; 95% CI: 1.0–10.7) compared with male peers attending vocational-technical schools. Our study suggested prevalence of CT infection among young people in Poland comparable with the European average, supporting implementation of a CT control programme as recommended in international guidelines.

© Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.6.17-00087
2018-02-08
2024-04-20
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.6.17-00087
Loading
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/eurosurveillance/23/6/eurosurv-23-6-3.html?itemId=/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.6.17-00087&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Newman L, Rowley J, Vander Hoorn S, Wijesooriya NS, Unemo M, Low N, et al. Global estimates of the prevalence and incidence of four curable sexually transmitted infections in 2012 based on systematic review and global reporting. PLoS One. 2015;10(12):e0143304.  https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0143304  PMID: 26646541 
  2. Fleming DT, Wasserheit JN. From epidemiological synergy to public health policy and practice: the contribution of other sexually transmitted diseases to sexual transmission of HIV infection. Sex Transm Infect. 1999;75(1):3-17.  https://doi.org/10.1136/sti.75.1.3  PMID: 10448335 
  3. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Sexually transmitted infections in Europe 2013. Stockholm: ECDC; 2015. Available from: https://ecdc.europa.eu/sites/portal/files/media/en/publications/Publications/sexual-transmitted-infections-europe-surveillance-report-2013.pdf
  4. Eaton DK, Kann L, Kinchen S, Shanklin S, Flint KH, Hawkins J, et al. Youth risk behavior surveillance - United States, 2011. MMWR Surveill Summ. 2012;61(4):1-162. PMID: 22673000 
  5. Choroszy-Król I, Murawski M, Pawlik L, Teryks-Wołyniec D, Frej-Mądrzak M. Incidence of chlamydial uterine cervix infections in south−west Poland in the period of 1996-2004. Adv Clin Exp Med. 2006;15(3):427-33.
  6. Frej-Mądrzak M, Teryks-Wołyniec D, Jama-Kmiecik A, Sarowska J, Choroszy-Król I. Diagnosing Chlamydia trachomatis urinary tract infections--preliminary report. Adv Clin Exp Med. 2015;24(3):441-5.  https://doi.org/10.17219/acem/43719  PMID: 26467132 
  7. Brick JM. Unit nonresponse and weighting adjustments: a critical review. J Off Stat. 2013;29(3):329-53.  https://doi.org/10.2478/jos-2013-0026 
  8. Seaman SR, White IR. Review of inverse probability weighting for dealing with missing data. Stat Methods Med Res. 2013;22(3):278-95.  https://doi.org/10.1177/0962280210395740  PMID: 21220355 
  9. Elliott AC, Reisch JS. Implementing a multiple comparison test for proportions in a 2xc crosstabulation in SAS. Dallas: SUGI (SAS Global Users Group) conference; 26-29 Mar 2016; San Francisco, US. Available from: http://www2.sas.com/proceedings/sugi31/204-31.pdf
  10. Haar K, Bremer V, Houareau C, Meyer T, Desai S, Thamm M, et al. Risk factors for Chlamydia trachomatis infection in adolescents: results from a representative population-based survey in Germany, 2003-2006. Euro Surveill. 2013;18(34):20562.  https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES2013.18.34.20562  PMID: 23987832 
  11. van Bergen J, Götz HM, Richardus JH, Hoebe CJ, Broer J, Coenen AJ, et al. Prevalence of urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis increases significantly with level of urbanisation and suggests targeted screening approaches: results from the first national population based study in the Netherlands. Sex Transm Infect. 2005;81(1):17-23.  https://doi.org/10.1136/sti.2004.010173  PMID: 15681716 
  12. Goulet V, de Barbeyrac B, Raherison S, Prudhomme M, Semaille C, Warszawski J, et al. ; Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis: results from the first national population-based survey in France. Sex Transm Infect. 2010;86(4):263-70.  https://doi.org/10.1136/sti.2009.038752  PMID: 20660590 
  13. Uusküla A, Kals M, Denks K, Nurm U, Kasesalu L, Dehovitz J, et al. The prevalence of chlamydial infection in Estonia: a population-based survey. Int J STD AIDS. 2008;19(7):455-8.  https://doi.org/10.1258/ijsa.2008.007325  PMID: 18574116 
  14. Redmond SM, Alexander-Kisslig K, Woodhall SC, van den Broek IV, van Bergen J, Ward H, et al. Genital chlamydia prevalence in Europe and non-European high income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2015;10(1):e0115753.  https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0115753  PMID: 25615574 
  15. Hardwick D, Patychuk D. Geographic mapping demonstrates the association between social inequality, teen births and STDs among youth. Can J Hum Sex. 1999;8(2):77-90.
  16. Dustmann C. Parental background, secondary school track choice, and wages. Oxf Econ Pap. 2004;56(2):209-30.  https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpf048 
  17. Putkiewicz E, Zahorska M. Społeczne nierówności edukacyjne – studium sześciu gmin. [Social inequalities in education – a study of 6 municipalities]. Warsaw: Institute of Public Affairs; 2001. Polish.
  18. World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe (WHO/Europe). Social inequalities in health in Poland. Copenhagen: WHO/Europe; 2012. Available from: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/107306/1/E96720.pdf
  19. Skjeldestad FE, Marsico MA, Sings HL, Nordbø SA, Størvold G. Incidence and risk factors for genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection: a 4-year prospective cohort study. Sex Transm Dis. 2009;36(5):273-9.  https://doi.org/10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181924386  PMID: 19265733 
  20. Sonnenberg P, Clifton S, Beddows S, Field N, Soldan K, Tanton C, et al. Prevalence, risk factors, and uptake of interventions for sexually transmitted infections in Britain: findings from the National Surveys of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (Natsal). Lancet. 2013;382(9907):1795-806.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61947-9  PMID: 24286785 
  21. Mohllajee AP, Curtis KM, Martins SL, Peterson HB. Hormonal contraceptive use and risk of sexually transmitted infections: a systematic review. Contraception. 2006;73(2):154-65.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2005.08.012  PMID: 16413846 
  22. Torrone E, Papp J, Weinstock HCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection among persons aged 14-39 years--United States, 2007-2012. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2014;63(38):834-8. PMID: 25254560 
  23. Abel G, Brunton C. Young people’s use of condoms and their perceived vulnerability to sexually transmitted infections. Aust N Z J Public Health. 2005;29(3):254-60.  https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-842X.2005.tb00764.x  PMID: 15991774 
  24. Matteelli A, Capelli M, Sulis G, Toninelli G, Carvalho ACC, Pecorelli S, et al. Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection in adolescents in Northern Italy: an observational school-based study. BMC Public Health. 2016;16(1):200.  https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-2839-x  PMID: 26927226 
  25. Syred J, Engler B, Campbell L, Baraitser P, Sheringham J. Exploration of gender differences of Chlamydia trachomatis infection amongst young people reveals limitations of using sexual histories to assess risk in high-prevalence areas. Int J STD AIDS. 2014;25(8):564-70.  https://doi.org/10.1177/0956462413515451  PMID: 24352135 
  26. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Guidance on chlamydia control in Europe – 2015. Stockholm: ECDC; 2016. Available from: https://ecdc.europa.eu/sites/portal/files/media/en/publications/Publications/chlamydia-control-europe-guidance.pdf
  27. Božičević I, Grgić I, Židovec-Lepej S, Čakalo JI, Belak-Kovačević S, Štulhofer A, et al. Urine-based testing for Chlamydia trachomatis among young adults in a population-based survey in Croatia: feasibility and prevalence. BMC Public Health. 2011;11(1):230.  https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-230  PMID: 21489313 
  28. Matteelli A, Capelli M, Sulis G, Toninelli G, Carvalho ACC, Pecorelli S, et al. Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection in adolescents in Northern Italy: an observational school-based study. BMC Public Health. 2016;16(1):200.  https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-2839-x  PMID: 26927226 
  29. Gravningen K, Simonsen GS, Furberg AS, Wilsgaard T. Factors associated with Chlamydia trachomatis testing in a high school based screening and previously in clinical practice: a cross-sectional study in Norway. BMC Infect Dis. 2013;13(1):361.  https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-13-361  PMID: 23915415 
Genital Chlamydia trachomatis infections in young adults – a school-based bio-behavioural study in urban areas, Poland, 2012 to 2015
<p class="citation"> <span>Citation style for this article:</span> <span class="meta-value authors"> <a href="/search?value1=Michal+Czerwinski&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Czerwinski Michal</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Marta+Niedzwiedzka-Stadnik&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Niedzwiedzka-Stadnik Marta</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Anna+Zielicka-Hardy&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Zielicka-Hardy Anna</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Anna+Tomusiak&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Tomusiak Anna</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Malgorzata+Sadkowska-Todys&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Sadkowska-Todys Malgorzata</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Andrzej+Zielinski&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Zielinski Andrzej</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Magdalena+Strus&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Strus Magdalena</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Piotr+Heczko&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Heczko Piotr</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Magdalena+Rosinska&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Rosinska Magdalena</a></span>. Genital Chlamydia trachomatis infections in young adults – a school-based bio-behavioural study in urban areas, Poland, 2012 to 2015. <a href="/content/ecdc">Euro Surveill.</a> 2018;23(6):pii=17-00087. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.6.17-00087" title="doi link" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.6.17-00087</a> <span class="ES_Article_citation"> <span class="generated">Received</span>: 02 Feb 2017;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="generated">Accepted</span>: 04 Sept 2017 </span> </p>
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.6.17-00087
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.6.17-00087
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Submit comment
Close
Comment moderation successfully completed
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error