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Eurosurveillance: 1996 to 2021
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Eurosurveillance
Since 1995, Eurosurveillance has provided the European public health community with an open-access platform to exchange relevant findings on communicable disease surveillance, prevention and control. A weekly, electronic, peer-reviewed publication, Eurosurveillance aims to provide timely facts and guidance for public health professionals and decision-makers in the field of infectious disease to facilitate the implementation of effective prevention and control measures. Impact factor: 6.3. More...
Latest Issue: Volume 27, Issue 25, 23 June 2022 Latest Issue RSS feed
- Surveillance
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One Health surveillance of West Nile and Usutu viruses: a repeated cross-sectional study exploring seroprevalence and endemicity in Southern France, 2016 to 2020
Orianne Constant , Patricia Gil , Jonathan Barthelemy , Karine Bolloré , Vincent Foulongne , Caroline Desmetz , Agnès Leblond , Isabelle Desjardins , Sophie Pradier , Aurélien Joulié , Alain Sandoz , Rayane Amaral , Michel Boisseau , Ignace Rakotoarivony , Thierry Baldet , Albane Marie , Benoît Frances , Florence Reboul Salze , Bachirou Tinto , Philippe Van de Perre , Sara Salinas , Cécile Beck , Sylvie Lecolinet , Serafin Gutierrez and Yannick SimoninBackgroundWest Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV), two closely related flaviviruses, mainly follow an enzootic cycle involving mosquitoes and birds, but also infect humans and other mammals. Since 2010, their epidemiological situation may have shifted from irregular epidemics to endemicity in several European regions; this requires confirmation, as it could have implications for risk assessment and surveillance strategies.
AimTo explore the seroprevalence in animals and humans and potential endemicity of WNV and USUV in Southern France, given a long history of WNV outbreaks and the only severe human USUV case in France in this region.
MethodsWe evaluated the prevalence of WNV and USUV in a repeated cross-sectional study by serological and molecular analyses of human, dog, horse, bird and mosquito samples in the Camargue area, including the city of Montpellier, between 2016 and 2020.
ResultsWe observed the active transmission of both viruses and higher USUV prevalence in humans, dogs, birds and mosquitoes, while WNV prevalence was higher in horses. In 500 human samples, 15 were positive for USUV and 6 for WNV. Genetic data showed that the same lineages, WNV lineage 1a and USUV lineage Africa 3, were found in mosquitoes in 2015, 2018 and 2020.
ConclusionThese findings support existing literature suggesting endemisation in the study region and contribute to a better understanding of USUV and WNV circulation in Southern France. Our study underlines the importance of a One Health approach for the surveillance of these viruses.
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Association between the COVID-19 pandemic and pertussis derived from multiple nationwide data sources, France, 2013 to 2020
BackgroundInterventions to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic may impact other respiratory diseases.
AimsWe aimed to study the course of pertussis in France over an 8-year period including the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic and its association with COVID-19 mitigation strategies, using multiple nationwide data sources and regression models.
MethodsWe analysed the number of French pertussis cases between 2013 and 2020, using PCR test results from nationwide outpatient laboratories (Source 1) and a network of the paediatric wards from 41 hospitals (Source 2). We also used reports of a national primary care paediatric network (Source 3). We conducted a quasi-experimental interrupted time series analysis, relying on negative binomial regression models. The models accounted for seasonality, long-term cycles and secular trend, and included a binary variable for the first national lockdown (start 16 March 2020).
ResultsWe identified 19,039 pertussis cases from these data sources. Pertussis cases decreased significantly following the implementation of mitigation measures, with adjusted incidence rate ratios of 0.10 (95% CI: 0.04–0.26) and 0.22 (95% CI: 0.07–0.66) for Source 1 and Source 2, respectively. The association was confirmed in Source 3 with a median of, respectively, one (IQR: 0–2) and 0 cases (IQR: 0–0) per month before and after lockdown (p = 0.0048).
ConclusionsThe strong reduction in outpatient and hospitalised pertussis cases suggests an impact of COVID-19 mitigation measures on pertussis epidemiology. Pertussis vaccination recommendations should be followed carefully, and disease monitoring should be continued to detect any resurgence after relaxation of mitigation measures.
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Recent articles
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Reactive vaccination as control strategy for an outbreak of invasive meningococcal disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis C:P1.5-1,10-8:F3-6:ST-11(cc11), Bergamo province, Italy, December 2019 to January 2020
Cecilia Fazio , Laura Daprai , Arianna Neri , Marcello Tirani , Paola Vacca , Milena Arghittu , Luigina Ambrosio , Danilo Cereda , Maria Gramegna , Annapina Palmieri , Anna Carannante , Maria Rosa Bertoli , Lucia Crottogini , Giorgio Gennati , Eugenia Quinz , Livia Trezzi , Andrea Ciammaruconi , Silvia Fillo , Antonella Fortunato , Giovanni Rezza , Florigio Lista and Paola Stefanelli
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