1887
  1. Home
  2. Eurosurveillance
  3. Volume 21, Issue 4, 28/Jan/2016
  4. Article
Review Open Access
Like 0
Download

Abstract

As a setting for potential tuberculosis (TB) transmission and contact tracing, aircraft pose specific challenges. Evidence-based guidelines are needed to support the related-risk assessment and contact-tracing efforts. In this study evidence of TB transmission on aircraft was identified to update the Risk Assessment Guidelines for TB Transmitted on Aircraft (RAGIDA-TB) of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Electronic searches were undertaken from Medline (Pubmed), Embase and Cochrane Library until 19 July 2013. Eligible records were identified by a two-stage screening process and data on flight and index case characteristics as well as contact tracing strategies extracted. The systematic literature review retrieved 21 records. Ten of these records were available only after the previous version of the RAGIDA guidelines (2009) and World Health Organization guidelines on TB and air travel (2008) were published. Seven of the 21 records presented some evidence of possible in-flight transmission, but only one record provided substantial evidence of TB transmission on an aircraft. The data indicate that overall risk of TB transmission on aircraft is very low. The updated ECDC guidelines for TB transmission on aircraft have global implications due to inevitable need for international collaboration in contract tracing and risk assessment.

© Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.4.30114
2016-01-28
2019-02-21
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.4.30114
Loading
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/eurosurveillance/21/4/eurosurv-21-4-6.html?itemId=/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.4.30114&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Outlook for Air Transport to the Year 2015. Montreal: International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO); 2004. Available from: aviation.mid.gov.kz/sites/default/files/pages/304_prognoz_razvitiya_vozdushnogo_transporta_do_2015_goda_en_1.pdf
  2. Tuberculosis and air travel: guidelines for prevention and control. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2008. Available from: http://www.who.int/tb/publications/2008/WHO_HTM_TB_2008.399_eng.pdf
  3. Buff AMSD, Scholten D, Rivest P, Hannah H, Marshall J, Wiersma P, et al. Multinational investigation of a traveler with suspected extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis—2007. 12th Annual Conference of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease-North American Region; 28 February–1 March 2008; San Diego, CA, USA. Vancouver, BC, Canada: British Columbia Lung Association; 2008. p. 11.
  4. Tuberculosis Team (ECDC). Preparedness and Response Unit (ECDC). Airline traveller with extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: low risk for passengers. Euro Surveill. 2007;12(22).
  5. Gibbs N. Plague on a plane. Time. 2007;169(24):19. PMID: 18655534 
  6. Parmet WE. Legal power and legal rights--isolation and quarantine in the case of drug-resistant tuberculosis. N Engl J Med. 2007;357(5):433-5.  https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp078133  PMID: 17671251 
  7. Tanne JH. Tuberculosis case exposes flaws in international public health systems. BMJ. 2007;334(7605):1187.  https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39237.452269.DB  PMID: 17556459 
  8. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Risk assessment guidelines for infectious diseases transmitted on aircraft. Stockholm: ECDC, 2009. Available from: http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/publications/1012_gui_ragida_2.pdf
  9. Abubakar I. Tuberculosis and air travel: a systematic review and analysis of policy. Lancet Infect Dis. 2010;10(3):176-83.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(10)70028-1  PMID: 20185096 
  10. Leitmeyer K, Payne Hallstrom L, Danielsson N, Carrillo Santisteve P. Risk assessment guidance for infectious diseases on aircraft (RAGIDA) – are we up to date? 2014 European Scientific Conference on Applied Infectious Disease Epidemiology (ESCAIDE). Stockholm, Sweden; 2014.
  11. Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist GE, Kunz R, Falck-Ytter Y, Alonso-Coello P, et al. GRADE Working Group. GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ. 2008;336(7650):924-6.  https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39489.470347.AD  PMID: 18436948 
  12. Beller M. Tuberculosis and Air Travel.State of Alaska Epidemiology Bulletin. 1996; Bulletin No. 27. Available from: http://www.epi.alaska.gov/bulletins/docs/b1996_27.htm.
  13. From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Exposure of passengers and flight crew to Mycobacterium tuberculosis on commercial aircraft, 1992-1995. JAMA. 1995;273(12):911-2.  https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1995.03520360023016  PMID: 7884939 
  14. Chemardin J, Paty MC, Renard-Dubois S, Veziris N, Antoine D. Contact tracing of passengers exposed to an extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis case during an air flight from Beirut to Paris, October 2006. Euro Surveill. 2007;12:E071206 2.
  15. Driver CR, Valway SE, Morgan WM, Onorato IM, Castro KG. Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis associated with air travel. JAMA. 1994;272(13):1031-5.  https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1994.03520130069035  PMID: 8089885 
  16. Kenyon TA, Valway SE, Ihle WW, Onorato IM, Castro KG. Transmission of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis during a long airplane flight. N Engl J Med. 1996;334(15):933-8.  https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199604113341501  PMID: 8596593 
  17. Kim C, Buckley K, Marienau KJ, Jackson WL, Escobedo M, Bell TR, et al. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Public health interventions involving travelers with tuberculosis--U.S. ports of entry, 2007-2012. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2012;61(30):570-3. PMID: 22854625 
  18. Kornylo-Duong K, Kim C, Cramer EH, Buff AM, Rodriguez-Howell D, Doyle J, et al. Three air travel-related contact investigations associated with infectious tuberculosis, 2007-2008. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2010;8(2):120-8.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2009.08.001  PMID: 20478520 
  19. Lynggaard CD, Eriksen NM, Andersen PH, David KP. [Tracing exposed flight passengers after discovery of pulmonary tuberculosis]. Ugeskr Laeger. 2011;173(12):899-900. PMID: 21419062 
  20. McFarland JW, Hickman C, Osterholm M, MacDonald KL. Exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis during air travel. Lancet. 1993;342(8863):112-3.  https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(93)91311-9  PMID: 8100876 
  21. Miller MA, Valway S, Onorato IM. Tuberculosis risk after exposure on airplanes. Tuber Lung Dis. 1996;77(5):414-9.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S0962-8479(96)90113-6  PMID: 8959144 
  22. Moore M, Fleming KS, Sands L. A passenger with pulmonary/laryngeal tuberculosis: no evidence of transmission on two short flights. Aviat Space Environ Med. 1996;67(11):1097-100. PMID: 8908350 
  23. Parmet AJ. Tuberculosis on the flight deck. Aviat Space Environ Med. 1999;70(8):817-8. PMID: 10447057 
  24. Thibeault C, Tanguay F, Lacroix C, Menzies R, Rivest P. A case of active tuberculosis in a cabin crew: the results of contact tracing. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2012;83(1):61-3.  https://doi.org/10.3357/ASEM.3135.2012  PMID: 22272519 
  25. Vassiloyanakopoulos A, Spala G, Mavrou E, Hadjichristodoulou C. A case of tuberculosis on a long distance flight: the difficulties of the investigation. Euro Surveill. 1999;4(9):96-7. PMID: 12631891 
  26. Wang PD. Two-step tuberculin testing of passengers and crew on a commercial airplane. Am J Infect Control. 2000;28(3):233-8.  https://doi.org/10.1067/mic.2000.103555  PMID: 10840343 
  27. Whitlock G, Calder L, Perry H. A case of infectious tuberculosis on two long-haul aircraft flights: contact investigation. N Z Med J. 2001;114(1137):353-5. PMID: 11587303 
  28. Abubakar I, Welfare R, Moore J, Watson JM. Surveillance of air-travel-related tuberculosis incidents, England and Wales: 2007-2008. Euro Surveill. 2008;13(23). PMID: 18761951 
  29. Marienau KJ, Burgess GW, Cramer E, Averhoff FM, Buff AM, Russell M, et al. Tuberculosis investigations associated with air travel: U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, January 2007-June 2008. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2010;8(2):104-12.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2010.02.003  PMID: 20478518 
  30. Scholten D, Saunders A, Dawson K, Wong T, Ellis E. Air travel by individuals with active tuberculosis: reporting patterns and epidemiologic characteristics, Canada 2006-2008. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2010;8(2):113-9.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2010.02.002  PMID: 20478519 
  31. Marienau KJ, Cramer EH, Coleman MS, Marano N, Cetron MS. Flight related tuberculosis contact investigations in the United States: comparative risk and economic analysis of alternate protocols. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2014;12(1):54-62.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2013.09.007  PMID: 24206902 
  32. Fox GJ, Barry SE, Britton WJ, Marks GB. Contact investigation for tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Respir J. 2013;41(1):140-56.  https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00070812  PMID: 22936710 
  33. Tostmann A, Kik SV, Kalisvaart NA, Sebek MM, Verver S, Boeree MJ, et al. Tuberculosis transmission by patients with smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis in a large cohort in the Netherlands. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;47(9):1135-42.  https://doi.org/10.1086/591974  PMID: 18823268 
  34. United States Government Accountability Office (GAO). Aviation Safety. More Research Needed on the Effects of Air Quality on Airliner Cabin Occupants. Report to the Ranking Democratic Member, Subcommittee on Aviation, Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, House of Representatives. GAO-04-54. Washington, DC: GAO; 2004. Available from: http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-04-54
  35. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Risk assessment guidelines for infectious diseases transmitted on aircraft (RAGIDA) – Tuberculosis. Stockholm: ECDC; 2014. Available from: http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/tuberculosis-risk-assessment-guidelines-aircraft-May-2014.pdf
  36. Erkens CG, Kamphorst M, Abubakar I, Bothamley GH, Chemtob D, Haas W, et al. Tuberculosis contact investigation in low prevalence countries: a European consensus. Eur Respir J. 2010;36(4):925-49.  https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00201609  PMID: 20889463 
  37. Cohen T, Murray M. Modeling epidemics of multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis of heterogeneous fitness. Nat Med. 2004;10(10):1117-21.  https://doi.org/10.1038/nm1110  PMID: 15378056 
  38. Borrell S, Gagneux S. Infectiousness, reproductive fitness and evolution of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2009;13(12):1456-66. PMID: 19919762 
  39. Jones RM, Masago Y, Bartrand T, Haas CN, Nicas M, Rose JB. Characterizing the risk of infection from Mycobacterium tuberculosis in commercial passenger aircraft using quantitative microbial risk assessment. Risk Anal. 2009;29(3):355-65.  https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2008.01161.x  PMID: 19076326 
  40. Ko G, Thompson KM, Nardell EA. Estimation of tuberculosis risk on a commercial airliner. Risk Anal. 2004;24(2):379-88.  https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0272-4332.2004.00439.x  PMID: 15078308 
  41. Coleman MS, Marienau KJ, Marano N, Marks SM, Cetron MS. Economics of United States tuberculosis airline contact investigation policies: a return on investment analysis. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2014;12(1):63-71.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2013.10.016  PMID: 24262643 
  42. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Tuberculosis: clinical diagnosis and management of tuberculosis, and measures for its prevention and control. NICE guidelines [CG117]. London: NICE; 2011. Available from: http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg117/chapter/guidance
  43. Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC). Canadian Tuberculosis and Air Travel Guidelines. Version 2.0, 2009. Ottawa: PHAC; 2009. Available from: http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/tbpc-latb/pdf/guideform_tbaircraft09-eng.pdf
Systematic review on tuberculosis transmission on aircraft and update of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control risk assessment guidelines for tuberculosis transmitted on aircraft (RAGIDA-TB)
<p class="citation"> <span>Citation style for this article:</span> <span class="meta-value authors"> <a href="/search?value1=Saara+M.+Kotila&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Kotila Saara M.</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Lara+Payne+Hallstr%C3%B6m&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Payne Hallström Lara</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Niesje+Jansen&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Jansen Niesje</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Peter+Helbling&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Helbling Peter</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Ibrahim+Abubakar&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Abubakar Ibrahim</a></span>. Systematic review on tuberculosis transmission on aircraft and update of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control risk assessment guidelines for tuberculosis transmitted on aircraft (RAGIDA-TB). <a href="/content/ecdc">Euro Surveill.</a> 2016;21(4):pii=30114. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.4.30114" title="doi link" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.4.30114</a> <span class="ES_Article_citation"> <span class="generated">Received</span>: 10 Dec 2014;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="generated">Accepted</span>: 02 Jul 2015 </span> </p>
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.4.30114
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.4.30114
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Comment has been disabled for this content
Submit comment
Close
Comment moderation successfully completed
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error