- Stefka Krumova Ivanova1, Zafira Georgieva Mihneva1, Andon Krumov Toshev2, Valentina Pavlova Kovaleva3, Lubena Georgieva Andonova4, Claude P Muller5, Judith M Hübschen5
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View Affiliations Hide AffiliationsAffiliations: 1 National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Department Virology, National Reference Laboratory of Measles, Mumps and Rubella, Sofia, Bulgaria 2 Department of Biology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria 3 Section of Virology, Research Center of Military Epidemiology and Hygiene, Military Medical Academy, Sofia, Bulgaria 4 Specialized Hospital for Infectious and Parasitic Diseases ‘Prof. Ivan Kirov’, Sofia, Bulgaria 5 Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (former Centre de Recherche Public de la Santé) / Laboratoire National de Santé, Esch-Sur-Alzette, Grand-duchy of LuxembourgClaude P. Mullerclaude.muller lih.lu
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Citation style for this article: Ivanova Stefka Krumova, Mihneva Zafira Georgieva, Toshev Andon Krumov, Kovaleva Valentina Pavlova, Andonova Lubena Georgieva, Muller Claude P, Hübschen Judith M. Insights into epidemiology of human parvovirus B19 and detection of an unusual genotype 2 variant, Bulgaria, 2004 to 2013 . Euro Surveill. 2016;21(4):pii=30116. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.4.30116 Received: 30 Apr 2015; Accepted: 12 Nov 2015
Insights into epidemiology of human parvovirus B19 and detection of an unusual genotype 2 variant, Bulgaria, 2004 to 2013
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the role of human parvovirus В19 (B19V) as an aetiological agent in measles and rubella negative fever/rash patients from Bulgaria between 2004 and 2013. A total of 1,266 sera from all over the country were tested for B19V IgM antibodies and all positives were further investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Overall, 280 sera (22%) were B19V IgM positive and 227 of these (81%) were also PCR positive. The highest number of IgM positives was found among five to nine year-old children (27%). Eight infected women gave birth to healthy children; one fetus was aborted with hydrops fetalis. Of the 55 genetic sequences obtained, 54 belonged to genotype 1a and one grouped as a genotype 2 outlier. Phylogenetic analysis of all available genotype 2 sequences covering the 994 nucleotide non-structural protein 1(NS1)/capsid viral protein 1 (VP1) unique region junction, showed that only one other sequence grouped with the outlier strain, forming a clearly distinct and well-supported cluster of genotype 2 (between-group genetic distance: 3.32%). In accordance with B19V nomenclature, this cluster may represent a new subgenotype 2b. The study showed that B19V infections may be falsely identified as rubella or measles in ca 22% of cases, emphasising the need for laboratory confirmation.

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