1887
Rapid communication Open Access
Like 0

Abstract

We report 52 cases of measles linked to music and arts festivals in England and Wales, between mid-June and mid-October 2016. Nearly half were aged 15 to 19 years. Several individuals who acquired measles at one festival subsequently attended another festival while infectious, resulting in multiple interlinked outbreaks. Transmission within festivals resulted in a geographical spread of cases nationally as well as internationally, which presents particular challenges for measles control.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.44.30390
2016-11-03
2024-10-16
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.44.30390
Loading
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/eurosurveillance/21/44/eurosurv-21-30390-1.html?itemId=/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.44.30390&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Public Health England (PHE). Measles associated with summer festivals. Health Protection Report. 2016;10(25): news (5 August). Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/health-protection-report-volume-10-2016/hpr-volume-10-issue-25-news-5-august
  2. Public Health England (PHE). Laboratory confirmed cases of measles, mumps and rubella, England: April to June 2016. Health Protection Report. 2016;10(25). Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/544284/hpr2516_mmr.pdf
  3. Health Protection Agency. National Measles Guidelines, Local and Regional Services 2010. London: PHE; 2010. Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/322932/National_Measles_Guidelines.pdf
  4. Public Health England (PHE). Chapter 21 - measles. In: PHE. Immunisation against infectious diseases: The Green Book. Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/147968/Green-Book-Chapter-21-v2_0.pdf
  5. Botelho-Nevers E, Gautret P. Outbreaks associated to large open air festivals, including music festivals, 1980 to 2012. Euro Surveill. 2013;18(11):20426. PMID: 23517872 
  6. Gautret P, Steffen R. Communicable diseases as health risks at mass gatherings other than Hajj: what is the evidence? Int J Infect Dis. 2016;47:46-52. Available from:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2016.03.007  PMID: 26987476 
  7. Webster E. Association of Independent Festival Six-Year Report 2014; 2014. Available from: http://aiforg.com/wp-content/uploads/AIF-Six-Year-Report-2014.pdf
  8. Public Health England (PHE). Confirmed Measles cases in England to end July. Health Protection Report. 2013;7(36). Available from: http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20140714084352/http://www.hpa.org.uk/hpr/archives/2013/news3613.htm#msls07
  9. National Health Service (NHS). NHS Immunisation Statistics, England: 1999-2000. London: Department of Health. Available from http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130107105354/http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Statistics/StatisticalWorkAreas/Statisticalhealthcare/DH_4016226
  10. Farrington CP, Miller E, Taylor B. MMR and autism: further evidence against a causal association. Vaccine. 2001;19(27):3632-5. Available from:  https://doi.org/10.1016/S0264-410X(01)00097-4  PMID: 11395196 
  11. National Health Service (NHS). NHS Immunisation Statistics, England: 2005-06. London: Department of Health. Available from http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20140629102627/http://hscic.gov.uk/catalogue/pub00184/nhs-immu-stat-eng-2005-2006-rep.pdf
  12. Bates T. In the wake of Wakefield. BMJ. 2011;342(feb08 1):d806.  https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d806  PMID: 21303891 
  13. Public Health England (PHE). Evaluation of vaccine uptake during the 2013 MMR catch-up campaign in England. Report for the national measles oversight group 2014. London: PHE; 2014. Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/285890/Evaluation_of_the_2013_MMR_catch-up_campaign_in_England.pdf
  14. Public Health Wales (PHW). MMR reminder issued ahead of summer festivals 2016. Cardiff: PHW; 20126. Available from: http://www.wales.nhs.uk/sitesplus/888/news/42117
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.44.30390
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Submit comment
Close
Comment moderation successfully completed
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error