1887
  1. Home
  2. Eurosurveillance
  3. Volume 22, Issue 50, 14/Dec/2017
  4. Article
Surveillance and outbreak report Open Access
Like 0
Download

Abstract

A European multi-country outbreak of Enteritidis phage type (PT) 14b occurred from March to November 2014 associated with the consumption of eggs. The outbreak involved more than 400 human cases from France, Luxembourg, Austria and the United Kingdom. In 2016–2017, it has been re-evaluated combining recent epidemiological results with latest molecular data. The outbreak was traced back to one large Bavarian egg producer with four distinct premises, three located in Bavaria, one in the Czech Republic. The outbreak isolates of Enteritidis PT 14b were grouped into three closely related clades by whole genome sequencing. Two of these clades could be referred to two Bavarian premises of the egg producer on the basis of epidemiological and molecular data, while epidemiological data presumably linked the third clade to another premises of the egg producer. Interestingly and in contrast to the situation in other European countries where several outbreaks were documented, all notified 91 laboratory-confirmed cases of Enteritidis PT 14b from Bavaria were sporadic, singular cases not belonging to any epidemiological outbreaks. In conclusion, as demonstrated here, the resolution of food-related outbreaks with such a high discriminatory power is rare in outbreak investigation.

© Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.50.17-00196
2017-12-14
2024-04-19
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.50.17-00196
Loading
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/eurosurveillance/22/50/eurosurv-22-50-3.html?itemId=/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.50.17-00196&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Dallman T, Inns T, Jombart T, Ashton P, Loman N, Chatt C, et al. Phylogenetic structure of European wide Salmonella Enteritidis outbreak correlates with national and international egg distribution network. Microbial Genomics, 2016. Available from: http://mgen.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/mgen/10.1099/mgen.0.000070
  2. EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) and ECDC (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control). The European Union Summary Report on Trends and Sources of Zoonoses, Zoonotic Agents and Food-borne Outbreaks in 2012. EFSA J. 2014;12(2):3547.
  3. Grimont P A D, Weill F-X. Antigenic Formulae of the Salmonella Serovars. WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella, 9th edition, 2007.
  4. Hopkins KL, Peters TM, de Pinna E, Wain J. Standardisation of multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) for subtyping of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis. Euro Surveill. 2011;16(32):19942. Available from:  https://doi.org/https://10.2807/ese.16.32.19942-en  PMID: 21871223 
  5. Inns T, Lane C, Peters T, Dallman T, Chatt C, McFarland N, et al. A multi-country Salmonella Enteritidis phage type 14b outbreak associated with eggs from a German producer: ‘near real-time’ application of whole genome sequencing and food chain investigations, United Kingdom, May to September 2014. Euro Surveill. 2015;20(16):21098.  https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES2015.20.16.21098  PMID: 25953273 
  6. Malorny B, Junker E, Helmuth R. Multi-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis for outbreak studies of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis. BMC Microbiol. 2008;8(1):84.  https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-8-84  PMID: 18513386 
  7. EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) and ECDC. (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control). The European Union Summary Report on Trends and Sources of Zoonoses, Zoonotic Agents and Food-borne Outbreaks in 2014. EFSA J. 2015;13(12):4329.
  8. European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) / European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). The European Union summary report on antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2015. EFSA Journal 2017;15(2):4694, 212 pp. doi: https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4694 
  9. Whiley H, Ross K. Salmonella and eggs: from production to plate. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015;12(3):2543-56.  https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120302543  PMID: 25730295 
  10. Lievonen S, Havulinna AS, Maiala R. Egg consumption patterns and Salmonella risk in Finland. J Food Prot. 2004;67(11):2416-23.  https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X-67.11.2416  PMID: 15553622 
  11. Commission Regulation (EC) No 1168/2006 of 31 July 2006 implementing Regulation (EC) No 2160/2003 as regards a Community target for the reduction of the prevalence of certain salmonella serotypes in laying hens of Gallus gallus and amending Regulation (EC) No 1003/2005. Luxembourg: Official Journal of the European Union. Available from: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32006R1168&qid=1513003372935&from=EN
  12. EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. (ECDC). Multi-country outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis phagetype 8, MLVA type 2-9-7-3-2 infections. 17 March 2016, Stockholm, 2016. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.2903/sp.efsa.2017.EN-1188/epdf
  13. Nygård K, de Jong B, Guerin PJ, Andersson Y, Olsson A, Giesecke J. Emergence of new Salmonella Enteritidis phage types in Europe? Surveillance of infections in returning travellers. BMC Med. 2004;2(1):32.  https://doi.org/10.1186/1741-7015-2-32  PMID: 15345058 
  14. Mossong J, Ragimbeau C, Schuh J, Weicherding P, Peetso R, Wildemauwe C, et al. Investigation of an excess of Salmonella enteritidis phage type 14b and MLVA type 4-7-3-13-10-2-2 in Luxembourg, Belgium and Germany during 2010. Bull Soc Sci Med Grand Duche Luxemb. 2012; (2):49-62. PMID: 23362566 
  15. Janmohamed K, Zenner D, Little C, Lane C, Wain J, Charlett A, et al. National outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis phage type 14b in England, September to December 2009: case-control study. Euro Surveill. 2011;16(15):19840. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2807/ese.16.15.19840-en PMID: 21507321 
  16. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) / European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Multi-country outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis infections associated with consumption of eggs from Germany. 25 August 2014. Stockholm and Parma: ECDC/EFSA; 2014. Available from: http://www.efsa.europa.eu/de/supporting/pub/646e
  17. Schmid D, Kanitz E. Bericht zu einem bundesländerübergreifenden lebensmittelbedingten Krankheitsausbruch (BL-LMbKA). BKZoon-ID: 2/2014 – Salmonella Enteritidis 14 b/Tirol. [Report on a food related outbreak concerning several federal states of Austria]. AGES, Vienna, 2014.
  18. European Commission. Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF). RASFF notification 2014.0938 of 09.07.2014. Brussels: RASFF. [Accessed 8 Dec 2017]. Available from: https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/portal/?event=notificationDetail&NOTIF_REFERENCE=2014.0938
  19. Herzog U. Schreiben BMG-74000/0031-II/B/2016 vom 07.03.2016. Bundesministerium für Gesundheit [Letter of the Austrian Federal Ministry of Health], Vienna, 2016.
  20. Statistisches Bundesamt. The Federal Statistical Office of Germany. [Internet]. Wiesbaden: Statistisches Bundesamt. [Accessed 9 Jun 2017]. German. Available from: https://www.destatis.de/DE/ZahlenFakten/LaenderRegionen/Regionales/Regionaldaten.html;jsessionid=9AB7FA88369D6AECF6BED04004EBD2AB.cae4
Re-evaluation of a 2014 multi-country European outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis phage type 14b using recent epidemiological and molecular data
<p class="citation"> <span>Citation style for this article:</span> <span class="meta-value authors"> <a href="/search?value1=Stefan+H%C3%B6rmansdorfer&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Hörmansdorfer Stefan</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Ute+Messelh%C3%A4u%C3%9Fer&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Messelhäußer Ute</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Albert+Rampp&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Rampp Albert</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Katharina+Sch%C3%B6nberger&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Schönberger Katharina</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Tim+Dallman&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Dallman Tim</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Franz+Allerberger&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Allerberger Franz</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Christian+Kornschober&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Kornschober Christian</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Andreas+Sing&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Sing Andreas</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Peter+Wallner&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Wallner Peter</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Andreas+Zapf&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Zapf Andreas</a></span>. Re-evaluation of a 2014 multi-country European outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis phage type 14b using recent epidemiological and molecular data. <a href="/content/ecdc">Euro Surveill.</a> 2017;22(50):pii=17-00196. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.50.17-00196" title="doi link" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.50.17-00196</a> <span class="ES_Article_citation"> <span class="generated">Received</span>: 13 Mar 2017;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="generated">Accepted</span>: 15 Aug 2017 </span> </p>
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.50.17-00196
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.50.17-00196
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Submit comment
Close
Comment moderation successfully completed
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error