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Acute hepatitis C infection among adults with HIV in the Netherlands between 2003 and 2016: a capture–recapture analysis for the 2013 to 2016 period
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T. Sonia Boender1
, Eline Op de Coul2
, Joop Arends3
, Maria Prins4,5
, Marc van der Valk5
, Jan T.M. van der Meer5 , Birgit van Benthem2
, Peter Reiss1,5,6 , Colette Smit1
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View Affiliations Hide AffiliationsAffiliations: 1 Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, the Netherlands 2 National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM); Centre for Infectious Disease Control, Epidemiology and Surveillance, Bilthoven, the Netherlands 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, UMCU University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands 4 Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Department of Infectious Diseases, Research and Prevention, Amsterdam, the Netherlands 5 Department of Internal Medicine and Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands 6 Department of Global Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, and Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the NetherlandsT. Sonia BoenderBoenderS rki.de
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Citation style for this article: Boender T. Sonia, Op de Coul Eline, Arends Joop, Prins Maria, van der Valk Marc, van der Meer Jan T.M., van Benthem Birgit, Reiss Peter, Smit Colette. Acute hepatitis C infection among adults with HIV in the Netherlands between 2003 and 2016: a capture–recapture analysis for the 2013 to 2016 period. Euro Surveill. 2020;25(7):pii=1900450. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.7.1900450 Received: 09 Jul 2019; Accepted: 10 Dec 2019
Abstract
With regards to the global strategy towards eliminating viral hepatitis, reliable surveillance systems are essential to assess the national response for eliminating hepatitis C virus (HCV).
We aimed to assess the completeness of the two national registries with data on acute HCV infection in people with HIV, and estimated the number of acute HCV infections among adults (aged ≥ 18 years) with HIV in the Netherlands.
In this observational study, cases of HCV infection and reinfection among adults with a positive or unknown HIV-serostatus were identified from 2003 to 2016 in two national registries: the ATHENA cohort and the National Registry for Notifiable Diseases. For 2013–2016, cases were linked, and two-way capture–recapture analysis was carried out.
During 2013–2016, there were an estimated 282 (95% confidence interval (CI): 264–301) acute HCV infections among adults with HIV. The addition of cases with an unknown HIV-serostatus increased the matches (from n = 107 to n = 129), and subsequently increased the estimated total: 330 (95%CI: 309–351). Under-reporting was estimated at 14–20%.
Under-reporting of acute HCV infection among people with HIV could partially be explained by an unknown HIV-serostatus, or by differences in HCV stage (acute or chronic) at first diagnosis. Surveillance data should ideally include both acute and chronic HCV infections, and enable to distinguish these as well as initial- and re-infections. National surveillance of acute HCV can be improved by increased notification of infections.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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