1887
Surveillance Open Access
Like 0

Abstract

Background

is one of the most frequent causes of bacterial gastroenteritis. outbreaks are rarely reported, which could be a reflection of a surveillance without routine molecular typing. We have previously shown that numerous small outbreak-like clusters can be detected when whole genome sequencing (WGS) data of clinical isolates was applied.

Aim

Typing-based surveillance of infections was initiated in 2019 to enable detection of large clusters of clinical isolates and to match them to concurrent retail chicken isolates in order to react on ongoing outbreaks.

Methods

We performed WGS continuously on isolates from cases (n = 701) and chicken meat (n = 164) throughout 2019. Core genome multilocus sequence typing was used to detect clusters of clinical isolates and match them to isolates from chicken meat.

Results

Seventy-two clusters were detected, 58 small clusters (2–4 cases) and 14 large clusters (5–91 cases). One third of the clinical isolates matched isolates from chicken meat. One large cluster persisted throughout the whole year and represented 12% of all studied cases. This cluster type was detected in several chicken samples and was traced back to one slaughterhouse, where interventions were implemented to control the outbreak.

Conclusion

Our WGS-based surveillance has contributed to an improved understanding of the dynamics of the occurrence of strains in chicken meat and the correlation to clusters of human cases.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.22.2001396
2021-06-03
2024-10-04
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.22.2001396
Loading
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/eurosurveillance/26/22/eurosurv-26-22-1.html?itemId=/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.22.2001396&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. European Food Safety Authority and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (EFSA and ECDC). The European Union one health 2018 zoonoses report. EFSA J. 2019;17(12):e05926. PMID: 32626211 
  2. Anonymous, 2020. Annual report on zoonoses in Denmark 2019. Kongens Lyngby: National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark; 2019.
  3. Kuhn KG, Nielsen EM, Mølbak K, Ethelberg S. Epidemiology of campylobacteriosis in Denmark 2000-2015. Zoonoses Public Health. 2018;65(1):59-66.  https://doi.org/10.1111/zph.12367  PMID: 28597535 
  4. Joensen KG, Kiil K, Gantzhorn MR, Nauerby B, Engberg J, Holt HM, et al. Whole-genome sequencing to detect numerous Campylobacter jejuni outbreaks and match patient isolates to sources, Denmark, 2015-2017. Emerg Infect Dis. 2020;26(3):523-32.  https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2603.190947  PMID: 32091364 
  5. Kuhn KG, Nielsen EM, Mølbak K, Ethelberg S. Determinants of sporadic Campylobacter infections in Denmark: a nationwide case-control study among children and young adults. Clin Epidemiol. 2018;10:1695-707.  https://doi.org/10.2147/CLEP.S177141  PMID: 30538574 
  6. Nordic Committee on Food Analysis (NMKL). Thermotolerant Campylobacter. Detection, semi-quantitative and quantitative determination in foods and drinking water. NMKL no. 119, 3rd ed. Copenhagen: NMKL; 2007.
  7. Cody AJ, Bray JE, Jolley KA, McCarthy ND, Maiden MCJ. Core genome multilocus sequence typing scheme for stable, comparative analysis of Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli human disease isolates. J Clin Microbiol. 2017;55(7):2086-97.  https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00080-17  PMID: 28446571 
  8. Sahl JW, Lemmer D, Travis J, Schupp JM, Gillece JD, Aziz M, et al. NASP: an accurate, rapid method for the identification of SNPs in WGS datasets that supports flexible input and output formats. Microb Genom. 2016;2(8):e000074.  https://doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.000074  PMID: 28348869 
  9. Østerlund M, Kiil K. CleanRecomb, a quick tool for recombination detection in SNP based cluster analysis. bioRxiv. 2018;317131.  https://doi.org/10.1101/317131 
  10. Zankari E, Hasman H, Cosentino S, Vestergaard M, Rasmussen S, Lund O, et al. Identification of acquired antimicrobial resistance genes. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2012;67(11):2640-4.  https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dks261  PMID: 22782487 
  11. Dahl LG, Joensen KG, Østerlund MT, Kiil K, Nielsen EM. Prediction of antimicrobial resistance in clinical Campylobacter jejuni isolates from whole-genome sequencing data. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2021; 40(4):673-82.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-020-04043-y  PMID: 32974772 
  12. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). EU protocol for harmonised monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in human Salmonella and Campylobacter isolates - June 2016. Stockholm: ECDC; 2016. Available from: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/media/en/publications/Publications/antimicrobial-resistance-Salmonella-Campylobacter-harmonised-monitoring.pdf
  13. EFSA Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ). Scientific opinion on Campylobacter in broiler meat production: control options and performance objectives and/or targets at different stages of the food chain. EFSA J. 2011;9(4):2105.  https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2011.2105 
  14. Ringoir DD, Korolik V. Colonisation phenotype and colonisation potential differences in Campylobacter jejuni strains in chickens before and after passage in vivo. Vet Microbiol. 2003;92(3):225-35.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1135(02)00378-4  PMID: 12523984 
  15. Wilson DL, Rathinam VAK, Qi W, Wick LM, Landgraf J, Bell JA, et al. Genetic diversity in Campylobacter jejuni is associated with differential colonization of broiler chickens and C57BL/6J IL10-deficient mice. Microbiology (Reading). 2010;156(Pt 7):2046-57.  https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.035717-0  PMID: 20360176 
  16. Pielsticker C, Glünder G, Rautenschlein S. Colonization properties of Campylobacter jejuni in chickens. Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp). 2012;2(1):61-5.  https://doi.org/10.1556/EuJMI.2.2012.1.9  PMID: 24611122 
  17. Lopes BS, Strachan NJC, Ramjee M, Thomson A, MacRae M, Shaw S, et al. Nationwide stepwise emergence and evolution of multidrug-resistant Campylobacter jejuni sequence type 5136, United Kingdom. Emerg Infect Dis. 2019;25(7):1320-9.  https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2507.181572  PMID: 31211671 
  18. French NP, Zhang J, Carter GP, Midwinter AC, Biggs PJ, Dyet K, et al. Genomic analysis of fluoroquinolone- and tetracycline-resistant Campylobacter jejuni sequence type 6964 in humans and poultry, New Zealand, 2014-2016. Emerg Infect Dis. 2019;25(12):2226-34.  https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2512.190267  PMID: 31742539 
  19. DANMAP 2018. Use of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from food animals, food and humans in Denmark. ISSN 1600-2032. Copenhagen: Statens Serum Institut, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark; 2018. Available from: www.danmap.org
  20. Gillesberg Lassen S, Ethelberg S, Björkman JT, Jensen T, Sørensen G, Kvistholm Jensen A, et al. Two listeria outbreaks caused by smoked fish consumption-using whole-genome sequencing for outbreak investigations. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2016;22(7):620-4.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2016.04.017  PMID: 27145209 
  21. Pightling AW, Pettengill JB, Luo Y, Baugher JD, Rand H, Strain E. Interpreting whole-genome sequence analyses of foodborne bacteria for regulatory applications and outbreak investigations. Front Microbiol. 2018;9:1482.  https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01482  PMID: 30042741 
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.22.2001396
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Submit comment
Close
Comment moderation successfully completed
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error