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Abstract

Background

The assumption that migrants acquire human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) before migration, particularly those from high prevalence areas, is common.

Aim

We assessed the place of HIV acquisition of migrants diagnosed in four European countries using surveillance data.

Methods

Using CD4+ T-cell count trajectories modelled to account for seroconversion bias, we estimated infection year of newly HIV-diagnosed migrants residing in the United Kingdom (UK), Belgium, Sweden and Italy with a known arrival year and CD4+ T-cell count at diagnosis. Multivariate analyses identified predictors for post-migration acquisition.

Results

Between 2007 and 2016, migrants constituted 56% of people newly diagnosed with HIV in the UK, 62% in Belgium, 72% in Sweden and 29% in Italy. Of 23,595 migrants included, 60% were born in Africa and 70% acquired HIV heterosexually. An estimated 9,400 migrants (40%; interquartile range (IQR): 34–59) probably acquired HIV post-migration. This proportion was similar by risk group, sex and region of birth. Time since migration was a strong predictor of post-migration HIV acquisition: 91% (IQR: 87–95) among those arriving 10 or more years prior to diagnosis; 30% (IQR: 21–37) among those 1–5 years prior. Younger age at arrival was a predictor: 15–18 years (81%; IQR: 74–86), 19–25 years (53%; IQR: 45–63), 26–35 years (37%; IQR: 30–46) and 36 years and older (25%; IQR: 21–33).

Conclusions

Migrants, regardless of origin, sex and exposure to HIV are at risk of acquiring HIV post-migration to Europe. Alongside accessible HIV testing, prevention activities must target migrant communities.

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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2021-08-19
2025-05-02
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Post-migration acquisition of HIV: Estimates from four European countries, 2007 to 2016
<p class="citation"> <span>Citation style for this article:</span> <span class="meta-value authors"> <a href="/search?value1=Zheng+Yin&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Yin Zheng</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Alison+E+Brown&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Brown Alison E</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Brian+D+Rice&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Rice Brian D</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Gaetano+Marrone&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Marrone Gaetano</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Anders+S%C3%B6nnerborg&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Sönnerborg Anders</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Barbara+Suligoi&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Suligoi Barbara</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Andre+Sasse&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Sasse Andre</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Dominique+Van+Beckhoven&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Van Beckhoven Dominique</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Teymur+Noori&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Noori Teymur</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Vincenza+Regine&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Regine Vincenza</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Valerie+C+Delpech&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Delpech Valerie C</a></span>. Post-migration acquisition of HIV: Estimates from four European countries, 2007 to 2016. <a href="/content/ecdc">Euro Surveill.</a> 2021;26(33):pii=2000161. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.33.2000161" title="doi link" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.33.2000161</a> <span class="ES_Article_citation"> <span class="generated">Received</span>: 19 Feb 2020;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="generated">Accepted</span>: 06 Oct 2020 </span> </p>
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