1887
  1. Home
  2. Eurosurveillance
  3. Volume 27, Issue 20, 19/May/2022
  4. Article
Rapid communication Open Access
Like 0
Download

Abstract

We explored the risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 reinfections in Italy between August 2021 and March 2022. Regardless of the prevalent virus variant, being unvaccinated was the most relevant risk factor for reinfection. The risk of reinfection increased almost 18-fold following emergence of the Omicron variant compared with Delta. A severe first SARS-CoV-2 infection and age over 60 years were significant risk factors for severe reinfection.

© Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.20.2200372
2022-05-19
2025-07-08
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.20.2200372
Loading
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/eurosurveillance/27/20/eurosurv-27-20-2.html?itemId=/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.20.2200372&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Hu J, Peng P, Cao X, Wu K, Chen J, Wang K, et al. Increased immune escape of the new SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern Omicron. Cell Mol Immunol. 2022;19(2):293-5.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41423-021-00836-z  PMID: 35017716 
  2. Andrews N, Stowe J, Kirsebom F, Toffa S, Rickeard T, Gallagher E, et al. Covid-19 vaccine effectiveness against the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant. N Engl J Med. 2022;386(16):1532-46.  https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2119451  PMID: 35249272 
  3. Mallapaty S. COVID reinfections surge during Omicron onslaught. Nature. 2022; Epub ahead of print.  https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-022-00438-3  PMID: 35173320 
  4. Global Virus Network (GVN). Perspectives. Omicron: transmissibility, immune evasion, and pathogenicity. Baltimore: GVN; 2022. Available from: https://gvn.org/omicron-transmissibility-immune-evasion-and-pathogenicity
  5. World Health Organization (WHO). Weekly epidemiological update on COVID-19 - 22 February 2022. Edition 80. Geneva: WHO; 2022. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/weekly-epidemiological-update-on-covid-19---22-february-2022
  6. Italian Ministry of Health. Circolare n. 0037911 of 20th August 2021. Stima della prevalenza delle varianti VOC (Variants Of Concern) in Italia: B.1.1.7, B.1.351, P.1, B.1.617.2 e altre varianti di SARS-CoV-2. [Estimate of the prevalence of VOC (Variants of Concern) in Italy: B.1.1.7, B.1.351, P.1, B.1.617.2 and other SARS-CoV-2 variants]. Rome: Ministry of Health; 2021. Italian. Available from: https://www.trovanorme.salute.gov.it/norme/renderNormsanPdf?anno=2021&codLeg=82595&parte=1%20&serie=null
  7. Riccardo F, Ajelli M, Andrianou XD, Bella A, Del Manso M, Fabiani M, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 cases and estimates of the reproductive numbers 1 month into the epidemic, Italy, 28 January to 31 March 2020. Euro Surveill. 2020;25(49):2000790.  https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.49.2000790  PMID: 33303064 
  8. Presidency of the Council of Ministers. Report Vaccini anti COVID 19. [COVID-19 vaccine report]. Rome: Italian Government; 2020. Italian. Available from: https://www.governo.it/it/dipartimenti/commissario-straordinario-lemergenza-covid-19/15974
  9. Stefanelli P, Trentini F, Petrone D, Mammone A, Ambrosio L, Manica M, et al. Tracking the progressive spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Italy, December 2021-January 2022. medRxiv.2022.01.27.22269949. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.27.22269949
  10. Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS). Stima della prevalenza delle varianti VOC (Variant Of Concern) e di altre varianti di SARS-CoV-2 in Italia (indagine del 07/03/2022). [Estimation of the prevalence of variants of concern (VOC) and other variants of SARS-CoV-2 in Italy (survey dated 7 Mar 2022)]. Rome: ISS; 2022. Italian. Available from: https://www.iss.it/documents/20126/0/Relazione+tecnica+Flash++7+Marzo.pdf/339b4618-b851-b7c0-f8ce-609a43d27834?t=1647621597562
  11. Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS). Stima della prevalenza delle varianti VOC (Variant Of Concern) e di altre varianti di SARS-CoV-2 in Italia (Indagine del 04/04/2022). [Estimation of the prevalence of variants of concern (VOC) and other variants of SARS-CoV-2 in Italy (Survey dated 4 Apr 2022)]. Rome: ISS; 2022. Italian. Available from: https://www.iss.it/documents/20126/0/Relazione+tecnica+Flash+4+Aprile+2022.pdf/f32164a2-2115-7b38-88aa-64a2f355b42e?t=1649933427680
  12. Altarawneh HN, Chemaitelly H, Hasan MR, Ayoub HH, Qassim S, AlMukdad S, et al. Protection against the Omicron Variant from Previous SARS-CoV-2 Infection. N Engl J Med. 2022;386(13):1288-90.  https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2200133  PMID: 35139269 
  13. Pulliam JRC, van Schalkwyk C, Govender N, von Gottberg A, Cohen C, Groome MJ, et al. Increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection associated with emergence of Omicron in South Africa. Science. 2022;376(6593):eabn4947.; Epub ahead of print.  https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abn4947  PMID: 35289632 
  14. Nyberg T, Ferguson NM, Nash SG, Webster HH, Flaxman S, Andrews N, et al. Comparative analysis of the risks of hospitalisation and death associated with SARS-CoV-2 omicron (B.1.1.529) and delta (B.1.617.2) variants in England: a cohort study. Lancet. 2022;399(10332):1303-12.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00462-7  PMID: 35305296 
  15. Peralta-Santos A, Rodrigues EF, Moreno J, Ricoca V, Casaca P, Fernandes E, et al. Omicron (BA.1) SARS-CoV-2 variant is associated with reduced risk of hospitalization and length of stay compared with Delta (B.1.617.2). medRxiv.2022.01.20.22269406. https://doi.org/ https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.20.22269406 
  16. Fabiani M, Mateo-Urdiales A, Andrianou X, Bella A, Del Manso M, Bellino S, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 cases in non-Italian nationals notified to the Italian surveillance system. Eur J Public Health. 2021;31(1):37-44.  https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa249  PMID: 33416859 
Risk and protective factors for SARS-CoV-2 reinfections, surveillance data, Italy, August 2021 to March 2022
<p class="citation"> <span>Citation style for this article:</span> <span class="meta-value authors"> <a href="/search?value1=Chiara+Sacco&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Sacco Chiara</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Daniele+Petrone&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Petrone Daniele</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Martina+Del+Manso&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Del Manso Martina</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Alberto+Mateo-Urdiales&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Mateo-Urdiales Alberto</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Massimo+Fabiani&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Fabiani Massimo</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Marco+Bressi&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Bressi Marco</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Antonino+Bella&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Bella Antonino</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Patrizio+Pezzotti&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Pezzotti Patrizio</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Maria+Cristina+Rota&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Rota Maria Cristina</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Flavia+Riccardo&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Riccardo Flavia</a>, <a href="/search?value1=on+behalf+of+the+Italian+Integrated+Surveillance+of+COVID-19+study+group&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">on behalf of the Italian Integrated Surveillance of COVID-19 study group</a></span>. Risk and protective factors for SARS-CoV-2 reinfections, surveillance data, Italy, August 2021 to March 2022. <a href="/content/ecdc">Euro Surveill.</a> 2022;27(20):pii=2200372. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.20.2200372" title="doi link" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.20.2200372</a> <span class="ES_Article_citation"> <span class="generated">Received</span>: 02 May 2022;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="generated">Accepted</span>: 19 May 2022 </span> </p>
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.20.2200372
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.20.2200372
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Supplementary data

Submit comment
Close
Comment moderation successfully completed
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error