- Richard Pebody1, Bersabeh Sile1, Fiona Warburton1, Mary Sinnathamby1, Camille Tsang1, Hongxin Zhao1, Joanna Ellis1, Nick Andrews1
-
View Affiliations Hide AffiliationsRichard Pebodyrichard.pebody phe.gov.uk
-
View Citation Hide Citation
Citation style for this article: Pebody Richard, Sile Bersabeh, Warburton Fiona, Sinnathamby Mary, Tsang Camille, Zhao Hongxin, Ellis Joanna, Andrews Nick. Live attenuated influenza vaccine effectiveness against hospitalisation due to laboratory-confirmed influenza in children two to six years of age in England in the 2015/16 season. Euro Surveill. 2017;22(4):pii=30450. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.4.30450 Received: 09 Dec 2016; Accepted: 18 Jan 2017
Live attenuated influenza vaccine effectiveness against hospitalisation due to laboratory-confirmed influenza in children two to six years of age in England in the 2015/16 season
Abstract
The United Kingdom is introducing a universal annual influenza vaccination programme for children. Live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) effectiveness (VE) against laboratory-confirmed influenza hospitalisation in 2 to 6 year-olds in England was measured in 2015/16 using the screening method. VE adjusted for age, geography and month was 54.5% (95% confidence interval (CI): 31.5% to 68.4%) for all influenza types combined; 48.3% (95% CI: 16.9% to 67.8%) for A(H1N1)pdm09 and 70.6% (95% CI: 33.2% to 87.1%) for B. The findings support on-going programme roll-out.

Article metrics loading...

-
From This Site
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.4.30450dcterms_title,dcterms_subject,pub_keyword105 -
PubMed
-
Google Scholar

Full text loading...
References
-
Hakin B, Cosford P, Harvey F. The flu immunisation programme 2013/14 – extension to children. London: Department of Health; 26 Jul 2013. Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/225360/Children_s_flu_letter_2013.pdf
-
Public Health England (PHE). Flu plan. Winter 2015/16. London: PHE; May 2016. Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/526143/Flu_Plan_Winter_2015_to_2016superseded.pdf
-
Pebody R, Warburton F, Andrews N, Ellis J, von Wissmann B, Robertson C, et al. Effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccine in preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza in primary care in the United Kingdom: 2014/15 end of season results. Euro Surveill. 2015;20(36):30013. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2015.20.36.30013 PMID: 26535911
-
Pebody R, Warburton F, Ellis J, Andrews N, Potts A, Cottrell S, et al. Effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccine for adults and children in preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza in primary care in the United Kingdom: 2015/16 end-of-season results. Euro Surveill. 2016;21(38):30348. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.38.30348 PMID: 27684603
-
Bolotin S, Pebody R, White PJ, McMenamin J, Perera L, Nguyen-Van-Tam JS, et al. UK Severe Influenza Surveillance System (USISS) Steering Group. A new sentinel surveillance system for severe influenza in England shows a shift in age distribution of hospitalised cases in the post-pandemic period. PLoS One. 2012;7(1):e30279. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0030279 PMID: 22291929
-
Farrington CP. Estimation of vaccine effectiveness using the screening method. Int J Epidemiol. 1993;22(4):742-6. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/22.4.742 PMID: 8225751
-
Thomas HL, Andrews N, Green HK, Boddington NL, Zhao H, Reynolds A, et al. Estimating vaccine effectiveness against severe influenza in England and Scotland 2011/2012: applying the screening method to data from intensive care surveillance systems. Epidemiol Infect. 2014;142(1):126-33. PMID: 23591102
-
Public Health England (PHE). Influenza immunisation programme for England, GP patient groups, Season 2015 to 2016. London: PHE; May 2016. Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/544552/Seasonal_flu_GP_patient_groups_annual_report_2015_2016.pdf
-
Public Health England (PHE). National Childhood Influenza Vaccination Programme 2015 to 2016, Seasonal influenza vaccine uptake for children of primary school age. London: PHE; May 2016. Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/544542/Childhood_Influenza_Vaccination_Programme_Report_2015_2016.pdf
-
Health Protection Scotland (HPS). Flu vaccine effectiveness in Scottish primary school age children from the 2015/16 season. Glasgow: HPS. [Accessed 25 Jan 2017]. Available from: http://www.hps.scot.nhs.uk/resourcedocument.aspx?id=5529
-
Nohynek H, Baum U, Syrjänen R, Ikonen N, Sundman J, Jokinen J. Effectiveness of the live attenuated and the inactivated influenza vaccine in two-year-olds - a nationwide cohort study Finland, influenza season 2015/16. Euro Surveill. 2016;21(38):30346. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.38.30346 PMID: 27684447
-
Grohskopf LA, Sokolow LZ, Broder KR, Olsen SJ, Karron RA, Jernigan DB, et al. Prevention and Control of Seasonal Influenza with Vaccines. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2016;65(5):1-54. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.rr6505a1 PMID: 27560619
-
Rondy M, Castilla J, Launay O, Costanzo S, Ezpeleta C, Galtier F, et al. Moderate influenza vaccine effectiveness against hospitalisation with A(H3N2) and A(H1N1) influenza in 2013-14: Results from the InNHOVE network. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2016;12(5):1217-24. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2015.1126013 PMID: 27065000
-
Penttinen PM, Friede MH. Decreased effectiveness of the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 strain in live attenuated influenza vaccines: an observational bias or a technical challenge? Euro Surveill. 2016;21(38):30350. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.38.30350 PMID: 27684999
-
Ambrose CS, Bright H, Mallory R. Letter to the editor: Potential causes of the decreased effectiveness of the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 strain in live attenuated influenza vaccines. Euro Surveill. 2016;21(45):30394. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.45.30394 PMID: 27918259
-
Public Health England (PHE). Surveillance of influenza and other respiratory viruses in the United Kingdom: Winter 2015 to 2016. London: PHE; May 2016. Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/526405/Flu_Annual_Report_2015_2016.pdf
-
Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI). JCVI minutes of the meeting, 23 August 2016. JCVI. [Accessed 25 Jan 2017]. Available from: https://app.box.com/s/iddfb4ppwkmtjusir2tc/1/2199012147/98304591342/1

Data & Media loading...
