1887
  1. Home
  2. Eurosurveillance
  3. Volume 24, Issue 6, 07/Feb/2019
  4. Article
Research Open Access
Like 0
Download

Abstract

Background

Childhood vaccination schedules recommend vaccine doses at predefined ages.

Aim

We evaluated vaccination completeness and timeliness in Jerusalem, a district with recurrent vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks.

Methods

Vaccination coverage was monitored by the up-to-date method (vaccination completeness at age 2 years). Timeliness of vaccination was assessed in children (n = 3,098, born in 2009, followed to age 48 months, re-evaluated at age 7 years) by the age-appropriate method (vaccine dose timeliness according to recommended schedule). Vaccines included: hepatitis B (HBV: birth, 1 month and 6 months); diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, polio, b (DTaP-IPV-Hib: 2, 4, 6 and 12 months); pneumococcal conjugate (PCV: 2, 4 and 12 months); measles-mumps-rubella/measles-mumps-rubella-varicella (MMR/MMRV: 12 months) and hepatitis A (HAV: 18 and 24 months).

Results

Overall vaccination coverage (2014 cohort evaluated at age 2 years) was 95% and 86% for MMR/MMRV and DTaP-IPV-Hib4, respectively. Most children (94%, 91%, 79%, 95%, 92% and 82%) were up-to-date for HBV3, DTaP-IPV-Hib4, PCV3, MMR/MMRV1, HAV1 and HAV2 vaccines at 48 months, but only 32%, 28%, 38%, 58%, 49% and 20% were vaccinated timely (age-appropriate). At age 7 years, the median increase in vaccination coverage was 2.4%. Vaccination delay was associated with: high birth order, ethnicity (higher among Jews vs Arabs), birth in winter, delayed acceptance of first dose of DTaP-IPV-Hib and multiple-dose vaccines (vs MMR/MMRV). Jewish ultra-Orthodox communities had low vaccination coverage.

Conclusions

Considerable vaccination delay should be addressed within the vaccine hesitancy spectrum. Delays may induce susceptibility to vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks; tailored programmes to improve timeliness are required.

© Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.6.1800004
2019-02-07
2025-07-11
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.6.1800004
Loading
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/eurosurveillance/24/6/eurosurv-24-6-4.html?itemId=/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.6.1800004&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. World Health Organization (WHO). Immunization coverage. Geneva: WHO; 2018. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs378/en/
  2. Subaiya S, Dumolard L, Lydon P, Gacic-Dobo M, Eggers R, Conklin L, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Global routine vaccination coverage, 2014. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015;64(44):1252-5.  https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6444a5  PMID: 26562454 
  3. World Health Organization (WHO). Global Vaccine Action Plan. Geneva: WHO; 2015. Available from: http://www.who.int/immunization/global_vaccine_action_plan/gvap_secretariat_report_2015.pdf?ua=1
  4. Rubin L, Belmaker I, Somekh E, Urkin J, Rudolf M, Honovich M, et al. Maternal and child health in Israel: building lives. Lancet. 2017;389(10088):2514-30.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30929-7  PMID: 28495101 
  5. Tasher D, Rubin L, Grossman Z, Grotto I, Dahan D, Berlowitz Y, et al. Child Health Care in Israel. J Pediatr. 2016;177:S107-15.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.04.047  PMID: 27666258 
  6. World Health Organization (WHO). Israel: WHO and UNICEF estimates of immunization coverage: 2017 revision. Geneva: WHO; 2017. Available from: http://www.who.int/immunization/monitoring_surveillance/data/isr.pdf
  7. Israel Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS). Statistical Abstract of Israel 2018, No.69. Children immunized out of those registered in the mother and infant centers. Jerusalem: CBS; 2018. Available from: https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/publications/doclib/2018/6.%20shnatonhealth/st06_12.pdf
  8. Belmaker I, Dukhan L, Elgrici M, Yosef Y, Shahar-Rotberg L. Reduction of vaccine-preventable communicable diseases in a Bedouin population: summary of a community-based intervention programme. Lancet. 2006;367(9515):987-91.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68425-0  PMID: 16564360 
  9. Papania M, Rodewald L. For better immunisation coverage, measure coverage better. Lancet. 2006;367(9515):965-6.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68403-1  PMID: 16564344 
  10. Stein-Zamir C, Abramson N, Shoob H, Zentner G. An outbreak of measles in an ultra-orthodox Jewish community in Jerusalem, Israel, 2007--an in-depth report. Euro Surveill. 2008;13(8):8045. PMID: 18445412 
  11. Stein-Zamir C, Shoob H, Abramson N, Tallen-Gozani E, Sokolov I, Zentner G. Mumps outbreak in Jerusalem affecting mainly male adolescents. Euro Surveill. 2009;14(50):19440. PMID: 20070937 
  12. Muscat M. Who gets measles in Europe? J Infect Dis. 2011;204(Suppl 1):S353-65.  https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jir067  PMID: 21666185 
  13. Muhsen K, Abed El-Hai R, Amit-Aharon A, Nehama H, Gondia M, Davidovitch N, et al. Risk factors of underutilization of childhood immunizations in ultraorthodox Jewish communities in Israel despite high access to health care services. Vaccine. 2012;30(12):2109-15.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.01.044  PMID: 22285273 
  14. Israel Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS). Statistical Abstract of Israel 2018, No.69. Population, by population group, religion, age and sex, district and sub-district. Jerusalem: CBS; 2018. Available from: https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/publications/doclib/2018/2.%20shnatonpopulation/st02_19x.pdf
  15. Choshen M, Korach M, Doron I, Israeli Y, Assaf-Shapira Y. Jerusalem: Facts and Trends 2013. Jerusalem: The Jerusalem Institute for Israel Studies; 2013. Available from: http://en.jerusaleminstitute.org.il/.upload/facts-2013-eng%20(1).pdf
  16. Israel National Council for the Child (NCC) and the Bernard van Leer Foundation. The State of Young Children in Israel 2015. Jerusalem and The Hague: The Israel National Council for the Child and the Bernard van Leer Foundation; 2015. Available from: https://bernardvanleer.org/app/uploads/2016/03/The-State-of-Young-Children-in-Israel-2015_hi-res.pdf
  17. Clark A, Sanderson C. Timing of children’s vaccinations in 45 low-income and middle-income countries: an analysis of survey data. Lancet. 2009;373(9674):1543-9.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60317-2  PMID: 19303633 
  18. Lernout T, Theeten H, Hens N, Braeckman T, Roelants M, Hoppenbrouwers K, et al. Timeliness of infant vaccination and factors related with delay in Flanders, Belgium. Vaccine. 2014;32(2):284-9.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.10.084  PMID: 24252698 
  19. Hu Y, Chen Y, Guo J, Tang X, Shen L. Completeness and timeliness of vaccination and determinants for low and late uptake among young children in eastern China. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2014;10(5):1408-15.  https://doi.org/10.4161/hv.28054  PMID: 24584000 
  20. Rieck T, Feig M, Eckmanns T, Benzler J, Siedler A, Wichmann O. Vaccination coverage among children in Germany estimated by analysis of health insurance claims data. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2014;10(2):476-84.  https://doi.org/10.4161/hv.26986  PMID: 24192604 
  21. Dayan GH, Shaw KM, Baughman AL, Orellana LC, Forlenza R, Ellis A, et al. Assessment of delay in age-appropriate vaccination using survival analysis. Am J Epidemiol. 2006;163(6):561-70.  https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwj074  PMID: 16421238 
  22. Akmatov MK, Mikolajczyk RT. Timeliness of childhood vaccinations in 31 low and middle-income countries. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2012;66(7):e14.  https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2010.124651  PMID: 21551179 
  23. Luman ET, Barker LE, Shaw KM, McCauley MM, Buehler JW, Pickering LK. Timeliness of childhood vaccinations in the United States: days undervaccinated and number of vaccines delayed. JAMA. 2005;293(10):1204-11.  https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.293.10.1204  PMID: 15755943 
  24. Dombkowski KJ, Lantz PM, Freed GL. Risk factors for delay in age-appropriate vaccination. Public Health Rep. 2004;119(2):144-55.  https://doi.org/10.1177/003335490411900207  PMID: 15192901 
  25. Pavlopoulou ID, Michail KA, Samoli E, Tsiftis G, Tsoumakas K. Immunization coverage and predictive factors for complete and age-appropriate vaccination among preschoolers in Athens, Greece: a cross--sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2013;13(1):908.  https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-908  PMID: 24083352 
  26. Johansen K, Lopalco PL, Giesecke J. Immunisation registers--important for vaccinated individuals, vaccinators and public health. Euro Surveill. 2012;17(16):20151. PMID: 22551460 
  27. Ben-Shimol S, Greenberg D, Givon-Lavi N, Schlesinger Y, Somekh E, Aviner S, et al. Early impact of sequential introduction of 7-valent and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on IPD in Israeli children <5 years: an active prospective nationwide surveillance. Vaccine. 2014;32(27):3452-9.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.03.065  PMID: 24690148 
  28. Stein Zamir C, Israeli A. Knowledge, Attitudes and Perceptions About Routine Childhood Vaccinations Among Jewish Ultra-Orthodox Mothers Residing in Communities with Low Vaccination Coverage in the Jerusalem District. Matern Child Health J. 2017;21(5):1010-7.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-017-2272-5  PMID: 28093690 
  29. Marmot M. Social determinants of health inequalities. Lancet. 2005;365(9464):1099-104.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(05)74234-3  PMID: 15781105 
  30. Binyaminy B, Bilenko N, Haas EJ, Grotto I, Gdalevich M. Socioeconomic status and vaccine coverage during wild-type poliovirus emergence in Israel. Epidemiol Infect. 2016;144(13):2840-7.  https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268816000844  PMID: 27141821 
  31. Dempsey AF, Schaffer S, Singer D, Butchart A, Davis M, Freed GL. Alternative vaccination schedule preferences among parents of young children. Pediatrics. 2011;128(5):848-56.  https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-0400  PMID: 21969290 
  32. Rosenthal J, Rodewald L, McCauley M, Berman S, Irigoyen M, Sawyer M, et al. Immunization coverage levels among 19- to 35-month-old children in 4 diverse, medically underserved areas of the United States. Pediatrics. 2004;113(4):e296-302.  https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.113.4.e296  PMID: 15060256 
  33. Simhi M, Shraga Y, Sarid O. Vaccination of Infants and Health Beliefs of Ultra Orthodox Mothers. J Vaccines Vaccin. 2013;5(1):213.
  34. World Health Organization (WHO). Addressing Vaccine Hesitancy. Geneva: WHO; 2018. Available from: http://www.who.int/immunization/programmes_systems/vaccine_hesitancy/en/
  35. Velan B. Vaccine hesitancy as self-determination: an Israeli perspective. Isr J Health Policy Res. 2016;5(1):13.  https://doi.org/10.1186/s13584-016-0071-x  PMID: 27051517 
  36. Amit Aharon A, Nehama H, Rishpon S, Baron-Epel O. A path analysis model suggesting the association between health locus of control and compliance with childhood vaccinations. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2018;14(7):1618-25.  https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2018.1471305  PMID: 29771633 
  37. Grossman Z, Hadjipanayis A, Degani A, Somekh E. Tracking Changes in Vaccine Attitudes and Decisions: Results from 2008 and 2016 Parental Surveys. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2018;1.  PMID: 30001230 
  38. Grossman Z, Ashkenazi S, Rubin L. How are we responding to vaccine-hesitant parents? Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2017;1(1):9-11.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(17)30040-8  PMID: 30169232 
  39. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). A CDC framework for preventing infectious diseases. Atlanta: CDC; 2011. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/oid/docs/ID-Framework.pdf
  40. Fournet N, Mollema L, Ruijs WL, Harmsen IA, Keck F, Durand JY, et al. Under-vaccinated groups in Europe and their beliefs, attitudes and reasons for non-vaccination; two systematic reviews. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(1):196.  https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5103-8  PMID: 29378545 
  41. Orenstein WA, Hinman A, Nkowane B, Olive JM, Reingold A. Measles and Rubella Global Strategic Plan 2012-2020 midterm review. Vaccine. 2018;36(Suppl 1):A1-34.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.09.026  PMID: 29307367 
Timeliness and completeness of routine childhood vaccinations in young children residing in a district with recurrent vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks, Jerusalem, Israel
<p class="citation"> <span>Citation style for this article:</span> <span class="meta-value authors"> <a href="/search?value1=Chen+Stein-Zamir&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Stein-Zamir Chen</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Avi+Israeli&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Israeli Avi</a></span>. Timeliness and completeness of routine childhood vaccinations in young children residing in a district with recurrent vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks, Jerusalem, Israel. <a href="/content/ecdc">Euro Surveill.</a> 2019;24(6):pii=1800004. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.6.1800004" title="doi link" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.6.1800004</a> <span class="ES_Article_citation"> <span class="generated">Received</span>: 23 Dec 2017;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="generated">Accepted</span>: 26 Nov 2018 </span> </p>
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.6.1800004
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.6.1800004
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Supplementary data

Submit comment
Close
Comment moderation successfully completed
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error