1887
Research article Open Access
Like 0

Abstract

Since the 2008/9 influenza season, the I-MOVE multicentre case–control study measures influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) against medically-attended influenza-like-illness (ILI) laboratory confirmed as influenza. In 2011/12, European studies reported a decline in VE against influenza A(H3N2) within the season. Using combined I-MOVE data from 2010/11 to 2014/15 we studied the effects of time since vaccination on influenza type/subtype-specific VE. We modelled influenza type/subtype-specific VE by time since vaccination using a restricted cubic spline, controlling for potential confounders (age, sex, time of onset, chronic conditions). Over 10,000 ILI cases were included in each analysis of influenza A(H3N2), A(H1N1)pdm09 and B; with 4,759, 3,152 and 3,617 influenza positive cases respectively. VE against influenza A(H3N2) reached 50.6% (95% CI: 30.0–65.1) 38 days after vaccination, declined to 0% (95% CI: -18.1–15.2) from 111 days onwards. At day 54 VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 reached 55.3% (95% CI: 37.9–67.9) and remained between this value and 50.3% (95% CI: 34.8–62.1) until season end. VE against influenza B declined from 70.7% (95% CI: 51.3–82.4) 44 days after vaccination to 21.4% (95% CI: -57.4–60.8) at season end. To assess if vaccination campaign strategies need revising more evidence on VE by time since vaccination is urgently needed.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.16.30201
2016-04-21
2024-12-09
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.16.30201
Loading
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/eurosurveillance/21/16/eurosurv-21-30201-4.html?itemId=/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.16.30201&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. VENICE III Consortium. National seasonal influenza vaccination survey for 2012-13 influenza season in EU/EEA. November 2013–June 2014. Available from: http://venice.cineca.org/VENICE_Seasonal_Influenza_2012-13_v10.pdf
  2. Kissling E, Valenciano M, Cohen JM, Oroszi B, Barret A-S, Rizzo C, et al. I-MOVE multi-centre case control study 2010-11: overall and stratified estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness in Europe. PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27622.  https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0027622  PMID: 22110695 
  3. Skowronski DM, Tweed SA, De Serres G. Rapid decline of influenza vaccine-induced antibody in the elderly: is it real, or is it relevant? J Infect Dis. 2008;197(4):490-502.  https://doi.org/10.1086/524146  PMID: 18275271 
  4. Kissling E, Valenciano M, Larrauri A, Oroszi B, Cohen JM, Nunes B, et al. Low and decreasing vaccine effectiveness against influenza A(H3) in 2011/12 among vaccination target groups in Europe: results from the I-MOVE multicentre case-control study. Euro Surveill. 2013;18(5):20390. PMID: 23399425 
  5. Pebody R, Andrews N, McMenamin J, Durnall H, Ellis J, Thompson CI, et al. Vaccine effectiveness of 2011/12 trivalent seasonal influenza vaccine in preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza in primary care in the United Kingdom: evidence of waning intra-seasonal protection. Euro Surveill. 2013;18(5):20389. PMID: 23399424 
  6. Castilla J, Martínez-Baz I, Martínez-Artola V, Reina G, Pozo F, García Cenoz M, et al. Primary Health Care Sentinel NetworkNetwork for Influenza Surveillance in Hospitals of Navarre. Decline in influenza vaccine effectiveness with time after vaccination, Navarre, Spain, season 2011/12. Euro Surveill. 2013;18(5):20388. PMID: 23399423 
  7. Jiménez-Jorge S, de Mateo S, Delgado-Sanz C, Pozo F, Casas I, Garcia-Cenoz M, et al. Spanish Influenza Sentinel Surveillance System. Effectiveness of influenza vaccine against laboratory-confirmed influenza, in the late 2011-2012 season in Spain, among population targeted for vaccination. BMC Infect Dis. 2013;13(1):441.  https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-13-441  PMID: 24053661 
  8. Belongia EA, Sundaram ME, McClure DL, Meece JK, Ferdinands J, VanWormer JJ. Waning vaccine protection against influenza A (H3N2) illness in children and older adults during a single season. Vaccine. 2015;33(1):246-51.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.06.052  PMID: 24962752 
  9. Chen R, Holmes EC. The evolutionary dynamics of human influenza B virus. J Mol Evol. 2008;66(6):655-63.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-008-9119-z  PMID: 18504518 
  10. Bedford T, Suchard MA, Lemey P, Dudas G, Gregory V, Hay AJ, et al. Integrating influenza antigenic dynamics with molecular evolution. eLife. 2014;3:e01914.  https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.01914  PMID: 24497547 
  11. Ohmit SE, Petrie JG, Cross RT, Johnson E, Monto AS. Influenza hemagglutination-inhibition antibody titer as a correlate of vaccine-induced protection. J Infect Dis. 2011;204(12):1879-85.  https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jir661  PMID: 21998477 
  12. Trombetta CM, Perini D, Mather S, Temperton N, Montomoli E. Overview of Serological Techniques for Influenza Vaccine Evaluation: Past, Present and Future. Vaccines (Basel). 2014;2(4):707-34.  https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines2040707  PMID: 26344888 
  13. Kissling E, Valenciano M, Buchholz U, Larrauri A, Cohen JM, Nunes B, et al. Influenza vaccine effectiveness estimates in Europe in a season with three influenza type/subtypes circulating: the I-MOVE multicentre case-control study, influenza season 2012/13. Euro Surveill. 2014;19(6):20701.  https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES2014.19.6.20701  PMID: 24556348 
  14. Valenciano M, Kissling E, Reuss A, Jiménez-Jorge S, Horváth JK, Donnell JMO, et al. I-MOVE Multicentre Case Control Study Team. The European I-MOVE Multicentre 2013-2014 Case-Control Study. Homogeneous moderate influenza vaccine effectiveness against A(H1N1)pdm09 and heterogenous results by country against A(H3N2). Vaccine. 2015;33(24):2813-22.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.04.012  PMID: 25936723 
  15. Valenciano M, Kissling E, Ciancio BC, Moren A. Study designs for timely estimation of influenza vaccine effectiveness using European sentinel practitioner networks. Vaccine. 2010;28(46):7381-8.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.09.010  PMID: 20851086 
  16. Valenciano M, Kissling E, Cohen J-M, Oroszi B, Barret A-S, Rizzo C, et al. Estimates of pandemic influenza vaccine effectiveness in Europe, 2009-2010: results of Influenza Monitoring Vaccine Effectiveness in Europe (I-MOVE) multicentre case-control study. PLoS Med. 2011;8(1):e1000388.  https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000388  PMID: 21379316 
  17. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Protocol for case-control studies to measure influenza vaccine effectiveness in the European Union and European Economic Area Member States. Stockholm: ECDC; 2009. Available from: http://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/0907_TED_Influenza_AH1N1_Measuring_Influenza_Vaccine_Effectiveness_Protocol_Case_Control_Studies.pdf
  18. European Commission. Commission Decision 2009/363/EC of 30 April 2009 amending Decision 2002/253/EC laying down case definitions for reporting communicable diseases to the Community network under Decision No 2119/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council. 2009 Jan p. 58. Report No.: OJ L 110. Available from: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:110:0058:0059:EN:PDF
  19. Huedo-Medina TB, Sánchez-Meca J, Marín-Martínez F, Botella J. Assessing heterogeneity in meta-analysis: Q statistic or I2 index? Psychol Methods. 2006;11(2):193-206.  https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.11.2.193  PMID: 16784338 
  20. Harrell FE. Regression modeling strategies: with applications to linear models, logistic regression, and survival analysis. New York: Springer; 2001. 568 p.
  21. Guess HA. Exposure-time-varying hazard function ratios in case-control studies of drug effects. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2006;15(2):81-92.  https://doi.org/10.1002/pds.1164  PMID: 16287211 
  22. Nichol K, Nicholson K, Webster RG, Hay AJ. Efficacy/clinical effectiveness of inactivated influenza virus vaccines in adults. Textbook of influenza. Blackwell Science; 1998.
  23. Boni MF, Gog JR, Andreasen V, Feldman MW. Epidemic dynamics and antigenic evolution in a single season of influenza A. Proc Biol Sci. 2006;273(1592):1307-16.  https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.3466  PMID: 16777717 
  24. Hobson D. The potential role of immunological adjuvants in influenza vaccines. Postgrad Med J. 1973;49(569):180-4.  https://doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.49.569.180  PMID: 4802631 
  25. Traquina P, Morandi M, Contorni M, Van Nest G. MF59 adjuvant enhances the antibody response to recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen vaccine in primates. J Infect Dis. 1996;174(6):1168-75.  https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/174.6.1168  PMID: 8940205 
  26. Lambert ND, Ovsyannikova IG, Pankratz VS, Jacobson RM, Poland GA. Understanding the immune response to seasonal influenza vaccination in older adults: a systems biology approach. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2012;11(8):985-94.  https://doi.org/10.1586/erv.12.61  PMID: 23002979 
  27. Foy HM, Cooney MK, McMahan R. A Hong Kong influenza immunity three years after immunization. JAMA. 1973;226(7):758-61.  https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1973.03230070024006  PMID: 4800628 
  28. World Health Organisation (WHO). WHO recommendations on the composition of influenza virus vaccines [Accessed on 22 Oct 2015]. Available from: http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/recommendations/en/
  29. Valenciano M, Kissling E, Reuss A, Rizzo C, Gherasim A, Horváth JK, et al. , .Vaccine effectiveness in preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza in primary care patients in a season of co-circulation of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, B and drifted A(H3N2), I-MOVE Multicentre Case–Control Study, Europe 2014/15. Euro Surveill.2016;21(7):30139. .
  30. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Influenza Surveillance in Europe; Season 2011-12. Stockholm: ECDC; 2012.Available from: http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/Influenza-Europe-2011-2012-surveillance-report.pdf
  31. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Influenza in Europe - season 2013-14. Stockholm: ECDC; 2014. Available from: http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/Influenza-2013-14-season-report.pdf
  32. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Risk Assessment - Seasonal influenza in the EU/EEA countries 2014/15. Stockholm, ECDC; 2015. Available from: http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/seasonal-influenza-risk-assessment.pdf
  33. Sullivan SG, Komadina N, Grant K, Jelley L, Papadakis G, Kelly H. Influenza vaccine effectiveness during the 2012 influenza season in Victoria, Australia: influences of waning immunity and vaccine match. J Med Virol. 2014;86(6):1017-25.  https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.23847  PMID: 24395730 
  34. Ohmit SE, Petrie JG, Malosh RE, Fry AM, Thompson MG, Monto AS. Influenza vaccine effectiveness in households with children during the 2012-2013 season: assessments of prior vaccination and serologic susceptibility. J Infect Dis. 2015;211(10):1519-28.  https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiu650  PMID: 25416812 
  35. Skowronski DM, Chambers C, Sabaiduc S, De Serres G, Dickinson JA, Winter AL, et al. Interim estimates of 2014/15 vaccine effectiveness against influenza A(H3N2) from Canada’s Sentinel Physician Surveillance Network, January 2015. Euro Surveill. 2015;20(4):21022.  https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES2015.20.4.21022  PMID: 25655053 
  36. McLean HQ, Thompson MG, Sundaram ME, Meece JK, McClure DL, Friedrich TC, et al. Impact of repeated vaccination on vaccine effectiveness against influenza A(H3N2) and B during 8 seasons. Clin Infect Dis. 2014;59(10):1375-85.  https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciu680  PMID: 25270645 
  37. Consejo interterritorial, Sistema Nacional de Salud. Recomendaciones de vacunacion frente a la gripe, Temporada 2015-2016. 9 Sep 2015 [Accessed on 24 Nov 2015]. Available from: http://www.msssi.gob.es/profesionales/saludPublica/prevPromocion/vacunaciones/docs/Recomendaciones_vacunacion_gripe2015_2016.pdf
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.16.30201
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Submit comment
Close
Comment moderation successfully completed
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error